Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024 Oct 24;24(1):375. doi: 10.1186/s12906-024-04677-x.
The fabrication of anti-Toxoplasma drugs with less side effects and desirable efficacy is one of the important research goals facing with toxoplasmosis. This study aimed to determine the anti-Toxoplasma effects of Cinnamon zeylanicum (CZ), Moringa oleifera (MO) oil encapsulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs).
Vero cells were cultured with serial concentrations (1 mg/mL to 100 µg/mL) of CZ-SLNs and MO-SLNs in DMEM culture medium. The morphological, physical, and chemical features of nanoparticles were calculated. The cell viability assays and anti-T. gondii effects of CZ-SLNs and MO-SLNs were evaluated. The CC and IC indices of SLNs-enveloped extracts were calculated.
The particle sizes of MO-SLNs and CZ-SLNs were 411.5 and 365 nm, while PDI indices were 0.53 and 0.7, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that both MO-SLNs and CZ-SLNs were smoothed spherical nanoparticles with rounded edges. The cytotoxicity assay showed the CC value of MO-SLNs at concentrations of ˃10 mg/mL. In addition, 60% of T. gondii-infected Vero cells remained alive at the concentrations ≤ 1 mg/ml, while the MO-SLNs killed at least 90% of T. gondii tachyzoites with an IC > 1 µg/ml. The cytotoxicity of CZ-SLNs extract showed the CC at the concentration 0.1 mg/mL. More than 50% of Vero cells, infected with T. gondii tachyzoites, survived at a concentration less than 0.1 mg/mL (IC ˂ 0.1 mg/mL), while the CZ-SLNs killed at least 85% of T. gondii tachyzoites in all concentrations.
The current results represented that the use of SLNs as a nano-carrier for M. oleifera and C. zeylanicum could kill T. gondii tachyzoites with low cytotoxicity, suggesting the effectiveness of these nano-emulsions along with the chemical agents in the treatment of Toxoplasma.
研发副作用小、疗效理想的抗弓形虫药物是当前弓形虫病防治的重要研究目标之一。本研究旨在确定肉桂（Cinnamon zeylanicum，CZ）和辣木（Moringa oleifera，MO）油固体脂质纳米粒（solid lipid nanoparticles，SLNs）的抗弓形虫效果。
在 DMEM 培养基中，用系列浓度（1 mg/mL 至 100 μg/mL）的肉桂 SLNs 和辣木 SLNs 培养 Vero 细胞。计算纳米粒的形态、物理和化学特征。评估肉桂 SLNs 和辣木 SLNs 的细胞活力和抗弓形虫效果。计算 SLNs 包封提取物的 CC 和 IC 指数。
辣木 SLNs 和肉桂 SLNs 的粒径分别为 411.5nm 和 365nm，PDI 指数分别为 0.53 和 0.7。透射电子显微镜（TEM）显示，辣木 SLNs 和肉桂 SLNs 均为边缘圆润的光滑球形纳米粒。细胞毒性试验显示，MO-SLNs 的 CC 值在浓度＞10mg/mL 时出现。此外，浓度≤1mg/ml 时，60%感染弓形虫的 Vero 细胞存活，而 MO-SLNs 以 IC＞1μg/ml 的浓度杀死至少 90%的弓形虫速殖子。肉桂 SLNs 提取物的细胞毒性显示 CC 浓度为 0.1mg/ml。浓度低于 0.1mg/ml（IC＜0.1mg/ml）时，超过 50%感染弓形虫速殖子的 Vero 细胞存活，而肉桂 SLNs 在所有浓度下均杀死至少 85%的弓形虫速殖子。
目前的结果表明，SLNs 作为辣木和肉桂的纳米载体可在低细胞毒性下杀死弓形虫速殖子，提示这些纳米乳液与化学药物联合用于治疗弓形虫的有效性。
