日粮β-甘露聚糖酶通过正向调节肠道微生物群和减轻全身免疫反应来减少仔猪断奶后腹泻。

Dietary β-mannanase reduced post-weaning diarrhea of pigs by positively modulating gut microbiota and attenuating systemic immune responses.

作者信息

Jang Ki Beom, Kim Yonghee, Ahn Jinmu, Lee Jae In, Park Sangwoo, Choe Jeehwan, Kim Younghoon, Lee Jae Hwan, Kyoung Hyunjin, Song Minho

机构信息

USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, South Korea.

出版信息

Anim Microbiome. 2024 Oct 24;6(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s42523-024-00346-z.

DOI:10.1186/s42523-024-00346-z

PMID:39449102

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11515408/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

After weaning, nursery pigs have difficulty digesting non-starch polysaccharides in their diets, which can result in growth and health problems. Among non-starch polysaccharides, β-mannan is easily found in various cereal grains that form the basis of livestock diets and interferes the digestion and utilization of nutrients. Supplementation of dietary β-mannanase in nursery diet can alleviate the negative effects on nutrient utilization efficiency caused by β-mannan and improve growth and health of pigs. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of dietary β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, fecal microbiota, and systemic immune responses of weaned pigs.

RESULTS

Dietary β-mannanase (MAN) improved average daily gain (P = 0.053), average daily feed intake (P < 0.05), and gain to feed ratio (P = 0.077) of pigs for 3 weeks after weaning and apparent total tract digestibility of crude protein (P = 0.060) and reduced post-weaning diarrhea (P < 0.05). The MAN did not affect the ileal morphology. Pigs fed with MAN had more diverse fecal microbiota based on the results of alpha diversity [the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs; P = 0.061), Shannon (P = 0.071), and Simpson indices (P = 0.078)] and relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes (P = 0.064) and genus Prevotella (P < 0.05) than pigs fed control diet (CON). As a result of beta diversity, fecal microbiota was clustered (P < 0.05) into two distinct groups between dietary treatments. The MAN decreased (P < 0.05) packed cell volume (PCV), the number of white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and cortisol of the pigs for 2 weeks after weaning compared with CON.

CONCLUSION

Dietary β-mannanase reduced post-weaning diarrhea of pigs by positively modulating gut microbiota and attenuating systemic immune responses.

摘要

背景

断奶后，保育猪在消化日粮中的非淀粉多糖方面存在困难，这可能导致生长和健康问题。在非淀粉多糖中，β-甘露聚糖很容易在构成家畜日粮基础的各种谷物中发现，并干扰营养物质的消化和利用。在保育猪日粮中添加β-甘露聚糖酶可以减轻β-甘露聚糖对营养物质利用效率的负面影响，并改善猪的生长和健康状况。本研究旨在评估日粮添加β-甘露聚糖酶对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、肠道形态、粪便微生物群和全身免疫反应的影响。

结果

日粮添加β-甘露聚糖酶（MAN）提高了断奶后3周仔猪的平均日增重（P = 0.053）、平均日采食量（P < 0.05）和料重比（P = 0.077），以及粗蛋白的表观全肠道消化率（P = 0.060），并减少了断奶后腹泻（P < 0.05）。MAN对回肠形态没有影响。基于α多样性结果[操作分类单元（OTU）数量（P = 0.061）、香农指数（P = 0.071）和辛普森指数（P = 0.078）]以及拟杆菌门（P = 0.064）和普雷沃氏菌属（P < 0.05）的相对丰度，与饲喂对照日粮（CON）的猪相比，饲喂MAN的猪粪便微生物群更加多样化。由于β多样性，粪便微生物群在日粮处理之间聚为两个不同的组（P < 0.05）。与CON相比，MAN降低了断奶后2周仔猪的红细胞压积（PCV）、白细胞（WBC）数量、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）和皮质醇水平（P < 0.05）。