Centre for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Br J Health Psychol. 2025 Feb;30(1):e12758. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12758. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
There is an imbalance between demand for and availability of stem cell donors worldwide. The purpose of this systematic review is to provide the first comprehensive understanding of facilitators and barriers influencing unrelated stem cell donation (USCD) in adults, through a data synthesis of qualitative and quantitative evidence. Identification of the facilitators and barriers associated with stem cell donation intention and behaviour is essential to inform the development of behaviour change interventions to meet the current demand.
Four databases were searched (Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE and CINAHL) and the last search was in February 2021. The search was limited to studies written in English and published from 1980 to present. Screening, quality assessment, data extraction and data synthesis incorporating the COM-B model were undertaken in line with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for an integrated mixed-methods review.
Fifty studies were included in the review, analysis and mapping produced four integrated findings. Donation-related knowledge was a facilitator and conversely, lack of knowledge was a barrier to donation related behaviours. Perceived convenience, positive social influences, religious beliefs and the accessibility of positive donation-related social norms promoted positive donation related behaviours. Altruism and sense of duty were the most commonly cited motives for donation related behaviours.Through mapping to the COM-B model, Communication/Marketing, and Service Provision are the primary policy categories that can be used to change donation related behaviours.
Future interventions should focus on targeted education regarding unrelated stem cell donation and creating recruitment campaigns that emphasise the life-saving potential of donation.
全球范围内，对干细胞捐献者的需求与供应之间存在不平衡。本系统评价的目的是通过对定性和定量证据的综合分析，首次全面了解影响成人非亲属间干细胞捐献（USCD）的促进因素和障碍因素。识别与干细胞捐献意愿和行为相关的促进因素和障碍因素对于为满足当前需求制定行为改变干预措施至关重要。
在四个数据库（Embase、PsycINFO、MEDLINE 和 CINAHL）中进行了检索（最后一次检索时间为 2021 年 2 月），检索范围限于用英文撰写且发表于 1980 年至现在的研究。根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）的综合混合方法评价方法，进行了筛选、质量评估、数据提取和数据综合，纳入了 COM-B 模型。
该评价纳入了 50 项研究，分析和映射结果产生了四项综合发现。捐献相关知识是促进因素，而缺乏知识则是捐献相关行为的障碍。便利性感知、积极的社会影响、宗教信仰以及积极的与捐献相关的社会规范的可及性促进了积极的捐献相关行为。利他主义和责任感是捐献相关行为最常提到的动机。通过映射到 COM-B 模型，沟通/营销和服务提供是可以用来改变捐献相关行为的主要政策类别。
未来的干预措施应侧重于针对非亲属间干细胞捐献的有针对性教育，并开展宣传活动，强调捐献的救命潜力。
