Gonzales Joaquin U, Clark Cayla, Dellinger Jacob R
Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
Clocks Sleep. 2024 Oct 4;6(4):546-556. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep6040036.
The present study investigated the effect of acute sleep extension on blood pressure and microvascular vasodilation. Sleep and daily physical activity were objectively measured at home for two weeks using wrist actigraphy in 22 adults (60 ± 15 y). Vascular measurements were made in the morning on the 8th and 15th day. Participants spent at least 10 h in bed on the night prior to one of these testing days to extend sleep. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and peak reactive hyperemia in the forearm were measured on each testing day. Reactive hyperemia and MAP were unaltered ( > 0.05) by sleep extension in the total sample. However, adults who experienced improved sleep efficiency with sleep extension (n = 10, 4.2 ± 1.4%) exhibited reduced MAP (-5.5 ± 4.6 mm Hg, = 0.005) while adults who had little change or decreased sleep efficiency (n = 12, -1.7 ± 2.9%) showed no change in MAP. The reduction in MAP was significantly different between sleep efficiency groups ( = 0.005, Hedges' = 1.21) after adjustment for sex and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The results of this study suggest that sleep extension has the potential to reduce blood pressure in midlife to older adults when the additional sleep time improves the quality of sleep.
本研究调查了急性延长睡眠时间对血压和微血管舒张的影响。在22名成年人（60±15岁）家中使用手腕活动记录仪客观测量了两周的睡眠和日常身体活动。在第8天和第15天上午进行血管测量。在其中一个测试日的前一晚，参与者在床上至少躺10小时以延长睡眠时间。在每个测试日测量平均动脉血压（MAP）和前臂的峰值反应性充血。在整个样本中，反应性充血和MAP并未因延长睡眠时间而改变（>0.05）。然而，因延长睡眠时间而睡眠效率提高的成年人（n=10，4.2±1.4%）MAP降低（-5.5±4.6 mmHg，P=0.005），而睡眠效率几乎没有变化或降低的成年人（n=12，-1.7±2.9%）MAP没有变化。在对性别和中度至剧烈身体活动进行调整后，睡眠效率组之间MAP的降低存在显著差异（P=0.005，Hedges'g=1.21）。本研究结果表明，当额外的睡眠时间改善睡眠质量时，延长睡眠时间有可能降低中年至老年成年人的血压。
