Kiran Ayesha, Hussain Shabbir, Ahmad Israr, Imran Muhammad, Saqib Muhammad, Parveen Bushra, Munawar Khurram Shahzad, Mnif Wissem, Al Huwayz Maryam, Alwadai Norah, Iqbal Munawar
Department of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan.
Division of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 30;10(20):e38613. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38613. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
An eco-friendly synthetic route was developed for the formation of nickel oxide (NiO and NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) by treating Ni(NO).6HO with aqueous/ethanolic extracts of leaves; the same reaction was performed in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) to produce NiO@GO and NiO@GO nanocomposites (NCs), respectively. The NMs were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM, EDX, UV-visible spectroscopy, and TGA-DSC analysis. They were also subjected to electrochemical investigations and photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet (CV) dye. XRD analysis revealed the average crystallite sizes of 8.84-14.07 nm with a face-centered cubic form of NiO NPs and a hexagonal structure of their nanocomposites with GO. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Ni-O vibrations at 443-436 cm. SEM images confirmed the spherical morphology of NiO NPs while NiO@GO NCs contained randomly aggregated, thin, and wrinkled graphene sheets. NiO and NiO have shown particle sizes of 27.7-30.63 nm which were decreased to 19.33-26.39 nm in their respective NiO@GO and NiO@GO NCs. EDX spectra verified the homogeneous distribution of elements (Ni, O, C) on the surface of the particles. The synthesized NCs have shown smaller band gaps (NiO@GO = 3.74 eV; NiO@GO = 3.34 eV) as compared to their respective NPs (NiO = 5.0 eV; NiO = 3.89 eV). TGA/DSC data was used to find the thermal stabilities, glass transition temperatures, and enthalpies. Cyclic voltammetry measurements exhibited distinct oxidation and reduction peaks. NCs exhibited better potential as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications as compared to their respective NPs. NiO@GO exhibited the best electrochemical performance and photocatalytic degradation efficiency of CV dye. After 120 min exposure to sunlight, the degradation coefficient of CV was observed to be 82.93, 86.34, 89.99, 90.27 and 81.65 % in the presence of NiO, NiO, NiO@GO, NiO@GO and GO, respectively.
通过用树叶的水提取物/乙醇提取物处理Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O，开发了一种用于形成氧化镍（NiO和NiO）纳米颗粒（NPs）的环保合成路线；在氧化石墨烯（GO）存在下进行相同反应，分别制备NiO@GO和NiO@GO纳米复合材料（NCs）。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDX）、紫外可见光谱和热重-差示扫描量热分析（TGA-DSC）对这些纳米材料进行了表征。它们还进行了电化学研究以及结晶紫（CV）染料的光催化降解。XRD分析表明，NiO NPs的平均晶粒尺寸为8.84 - 14.07nm，呈面心立方形式，其与GO的纳米复合材料具有六方结构。FT-IR光谱证实了在443 - 436cm⁻¹处存在Ni - O振动。SEM图像证实了NiO NPs的球形形态，而NiO@GO NCs包含随机聚集、薄且有褶皱的石墨烯片。NiO和NiO的粒径为27.7 - 30.63nm，在各自的NiO@GO和NiO@GO NCs中粒径减小至19.33 - 26.39nm。EDX光谱验证了元素（Ni、O、C）在颗粒表面的均匀分布。与各自的NPs（NiO = 5.0eV；NiO = 3.89eV）相比，合成的NCs显示出更小的带隙（NiO@GO = 3.74eV；NiO@GO = 3.34eV）。利用TGA/DSC数据来确定热稳定性、玻璃化转变温度和焓。循环伏安法测量显示出明显的氧化和还原峰。与各自的NPs相比，NCs作为超级电容器应用的电极材料表现出更好的潜力。NiO@GO表现出最佳的电化学性能和CV染料的光催化降解效率。在暴露于阳光120分钟后，在NiO、NiO、NiO@GO、NiO@GO和GO存在下，CV的降解系数分别观察到为82.93%、86.34%、89.99%、90.27%和81.65%。
