Alghamdi Ali Hendi, Ahmed Aimun A E, Bashir Mahadi, Abdalgadir Haidar, Khalid Asaad, Abdallah Mohamed E, Almaimani Riyad, Refaat Bassem, Abdalla Ashraf N
Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al Baha - Saudi Arabia.
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, Al Baha - Saudi Arabia.
Drug Target Insights. 2024 Oct 22;18:84-93. doi: 10.33393/dti.2024.3169. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.
Edible fruits and resins provide various benefits to mankind including potential medicinal applications. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity, selectivity, and clonogenicity of fruits and exudates of certain Saudi medicinal plants ( (BEP-09), (L.) Miller (BEP-10), Roxb. ex Colebr. (BEP-11), and (BEP-12)) against human liver adenocarcinoma (HepG2).
Initial cytotoxicity and cell line selectivity against different cell lines were screened using MTT assay. The most promising extract was subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to determine the main phytoconstituents. Clonogenicity was checked for the most active extract.
The selected plants' fruits and resins possess a significant cytotoxic activity estimated as IC. The fruit of BEP-10 was found to be the most active extract against liver cancer cells (IC = 2.82) comparable to both doxorubicin (IC = 1.40) and camptothecin (IC = 1.11). It showed a selectivity index of 4.47 compared to the normal human foetal lung fibroblast (MRC5) cells. BEP-10 showed a dose-dependent clonogenic effect against HepG2 cells comparable to the effect of doxorubicin. The GC-MS chromatogram of BEP-10 extract revealed the presence of eight small polar molecules, representing 73% of the total identified compounds and the rest three molecules (27%) were non-polar constituents. The furan derivatives represent the chief components in BEP-10 (16.3%), while the aldehyde 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde was found to be the main molecule (13.2%).
The fruits of BEP-10 have a potential cytotoxic effect particularly against HepG2. The identified phytoconstituents in the tested plant extract might contribute to the investigated cytotoxic activity.
可食用水果和树脂对人类有多种益处，包括潜在的药用价值。本研究旨在确定某些沙特药用植物（（BEP - 09）、米勒（BEP - 10）、罗克斯伯. 前科尔布鲁克（BEP - 11）和（BEP - 12））的果实和渗出物对人肝腺癌（HepG2）的细胞毒性、选择性和克隆形成能力。
使用MTT法筛选对不同细胞系的初始细胞毒性和细胞系选择性。对最有前景的提取物进行气相色谱 - 质谱（GC - MS）分析以确定主要植物成分。检查最具活性提取物的克隆形成能力。
所选植物的果实和树脂具有显著的细胞毒性活性，以IC值估计。发现BEP - 10的果实是对肝癌细胞最具活性的提取物（IC = 2.82），与阿霉素（IC = 1.40）和喜树碱（IC = 1.11）相当。与正常人胎儿肺成纤维细胞（MRC5）相比，其选择性指数为4.47。BEP - 10对HepG2细胞显示出剂量依赖性的克隆形成作用，与阿霉素的作用相当。BEP - 10提取物的GC - MS色谱图显示存在八个小极性分子，占已鉴定化合物总量的73%，其余三个分子（27%）为非极性成分。呋喃衍生物是BEP - 10中的主要成分（16.3%），而醛5 - （羟甲基） - 2 - 呋喃甲醛是主要分子（13.2%）。
BEP - 10的果实具有潜在的细胞毒性作用，尤其是对HepG2。受试植物提取物中鉴定出的植物成分可能有助于所研究的细胞毒性活性。
