Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), 1449-006 Lisbon, Portugal.
Biosensors (Basel). 2024 Oct 8;14(10):487. doi: 10.3390/bios14100487.
A simple and reliable methodology for the detection of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in bivalve tissues using potentiometric chemical sensors was developed. Five methods of PST extraction from mussel and oyster tissues were evaluated, including the AOAC-recommended method, which served as the reference. The main objective was to minimize the matrix effect of the extracts on the sensors' responses and ensure efficient toxin recovery. Extraction procedures using acetic acid with heating and water yielded the highest responses from the potentiometric chemical sensors to PSTs. The highest recovery of PSTs from bivalve tissues was achieved with extraction using acetic acid and heating. Further extract purification, which is indispensable for liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection (LC-FLD) analysis, was found to be unnecessary for analysis with chemical sensors. While water extraction can also be used as a rapid and simple PST extraction method, the lower recoveries should be considered when interpreting the results. Further research is needed to identify the compounds remaining in the extracts that cause a decrease in sensor responses and to develop procedures for their elimination.
本研究开发了一种使用电位化学传感器检测贝类组织中麻痹性贝类毒素（PSTs）的简单可靠方法。评估了从贻贝和牡蛎组织中提取 PST 的五种方法，其中包括作为参考的 AOAC 推荐方法。主要目标是最小化提取物对传感器响应的基质效应，并确保毒素的有效回收。使用加热的乙酸和水进行提取的程序可使电位化学传感器对 PSTs 产生最高的响应。使用乙酸和加热进行提取可从贝类组织中获得最高的 PST 回收率。进一步的提取物纯化对于荧光检测的液相色谱（LC-FLD）分析是必不可少的，但对于化学传感器分析则并非如此。虽然水提取也可作为 PST 的快速简便提取方法，但在解释结果时应考虑回收率较低的问题。需要进一步研究以确定引起传感器响应降低的提取物中残留的化合物，并开发消除这些化合物的程序。
