Boonsaen Phoompong, Nevot Adèle, Onju Sathaporn, Fossaert Clément, Chalermwong Piangjai, Thaisungnoen Kornkanok, Lucas Antoine, Thévenon Sophie, Masmeatathip Roungthip, Jittapalapong Sathaporn, Desquesnes Marc
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University at Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR INTERTRYP, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Insects. 2024 Sep 24;15(10):735. doi: 10.3390/insects15100735.
In addition to blood pathogen transmission, insects of the order Diptera affect livestock through visual and contact harassment; blood-feeders are responsible for painful bites and blood despoliation, generating behavioral modifications, anemia, and production losses. Knowledge of their economic impact is a basis for cost-effective control. Here, we measured the global impact of diptera insects by comparing two batches of six feeder cattle, one in the open air and the other protected by a mosquito net. The analytical data were insect density in the open air and, for feeder cattle, tail flick counts, hematocrit values (Ht), feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and live body weight gain (LBWG). Over a period of five months, the results showed significant losses in the LBWG of cattle exposed to insects, estimated at 8.0 ± 1.5 kg/month [2.7; 13.3], with a total loss reaching 40.0 ± 5.5 kg/head. Main diurnal insects were spp. and . There was a strong correlation between fly density and diurnal tail flicks. Night trapping and tail flicks showed a potentially important role of mosquitoes to be further explored. The Ht levels of exposed animals were 3-4% lower than those of controls. FCRs indicated that exposed animals needed 33% more dry matter intake/kg of LBWG. An economic assessment showed that dipterans were responsible for a 10-11% loss in LBWG during the main growing period of feeder cattle (10-15 months). A feedlot of 100 calves would register a total loss of USD 16,000 within 5 months, which appears to be an unexpectedly huge loss caused by dipterans. Investing part of this money into fly control would probably be beneficial.
除了传播血液病原体外，双翅目昆虫还通过视觉和接触骚扰影响家畜；吸血昆虫会造成疼痛叮咬和血液掠夺，导致行为改变、贫血和生产损失。了解它们的经济影响是进行成本效益控制的基础。在此，我们通过比较两批各六头育肥牛来衡量双翅目昆虫的全球影响，一批牛露天饲养，另一批牛用蚊帐保护。分析数据包括露天环境中的昆虫密度，以及育肥牛的甩尾次数、血细胞比容值（Ht）、采食量、饲料转化率（FCR）和活体增重（LBWG）。在五个月的时间里，结果显示暴露于昆虫的牛的LBWG显著下降，估计为8.0±1.5千克/月[2.7；13.3]，总损失达到40.0±5.5千克/头。主要的日间昆虫是 spp. 和 。苍蝇密度与日间甩尾次数之间存在很强的相关性。夜间诱捕和甩尾次数表明蚊子可能具有重要作用，有待进一步探索。暴露动物的Ht水平比对照组低3 - 4%。FCR表明，暴露动物每千克LBWG需要多摄入33%的干物质。经济评估显示，在育肥牛的主要生长阶段（10 - 15个月），双翅目昆虫导致LBWG损失10 - 11%。一个饲养100头犊牛的饲养场在5个月内将总计损失16,000美元，这似乎是双翅目昆虫造成的意外巨大损失。将这笔钱的一部分投入到苍蝇控制中可能会有益。
