Álvarez-Sánchez Jesús, Dévora-Isiordia Germán Eduardo, Muro Claudia, Villegas-Peralta Yedidia, Sánchez-Duarte Reyna Guadalupe, Torres-Valenzuela Patricia Guadalupe, Pérez-Sicairos Sergio
Departamento de Ciencias del Agua y Medio Ambiente, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de Febrero 818 Sur, Ciudad Obregón 85000, Mexico.
Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Toluca, Avenida Tecnológico S/N Col, Metepec C.P. 52140, Mexico.
Membranes (Basel). 2024 Sep 27;14(10):207. doi: 10.3390/membranes14100207.
With each passing year, water scarcity in the world is increasing, drying up rivers, lakes, and dams. Reverse osmosis technology is a very viable alternative which helps to reduce water shortages. One of the challenges is to make the process more efficient, and this can be achieved by improving the capacity by adapting membranes with nanomaterials in order to increase the permeate flux without exceeding the limits established in the process. In this research, brackish water membranes (BW30) were modified with ZnO nanoparticles by interphase polymerization. The modified membranes and BW30 (unmodified) were characterized by FTIR, AFM, contact angle, and micrometer. The membranes were tested in a cross-flow apparatus using 9000 ppm brackish water, and their permeate flux, salt rejection, and concentration polarization were determined. The salt rejection for the 10 mg ZnO NP membrane was 97.13 and 97.77% at 20 and 30 Hz, respectively, sufficient to generate drinking water. It obtained the best permeate flux of 12.2% compared to the BW30 membrane with 122.63 L m h at 6.24 MPa and 30 Hz, under these conditions, and the concentration polarization increased.
随着时间的推移，全球水资源短缺问题日益严重，河流、湖泊和水坝逐渐干涸。反渗透技术是一种非常可行的解决方案，有助于减少水资源短缺。其中一个挑战是提高该过程的效率，这可以通过采用纳米材料对膜进行改性来提高其性能，从而在不超过该过程设定限制的情况下增加渗透通量。在本研究中，通过界面聚合用氧化锌纳米颗粒对苦咸水膜（BW30）进行了改性。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、接触角测量仪和测微计对改性膜和BW30（未改性）膜进行了表征。在错流装置中使用9000 ppm的苦咸水对这些膜进行测试，并测定了它们的渗透通量、脱盐率和浓差极化。在20和30 Hz时，含10 mg氧化锌纳米颗粒的膜的脱盐率分别为97.13%和97.77%，足以生产饮用水。在6.24 MPa和30 Hz的条件下，与BW30膜相比，该膜的最佳渗透通量提高了12.2%，达到122.63 L m h，在此条件下浓差极化有所增加。
