Domingo Jose L
Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, San Llorens 21, 43201 Reus, Spain.
Toxics. 2024 Oct 15;12(10):749. doi: 10.3390/toxics12100749.
Human exposure to arsenic and other toxic elements such as cadmium, lead and mercury may lead to a wide range of adverse health effects. In relation to this, it is well established that the diet is the main route of exposure to both essential and toxic trace elements. In recent years, the levels of toxic elements in foodstuffs have been measured in numerous studies conducted all over the world. Scientific databases show that, in the current century, China and Spain have been the countries where the most surveys on this topic have been carried out. Regarding Spain, Catalonia is the region where most studies aimed at determining the concentrations of trace elements in food have been performed. The objective of this paper was to review the studies carried out in Catalonia on the concentrations of As and toxic metals (including Cd, Hg and Pb) in food, as well as their estimated dietary intakes (EDIs). The results of total diet studies (TDSs) and duplicate diet (DD) studies have been included. For most toxic elements, a continued reduction in the EDI has been observed. This reduction is associated with a decrease in their concentrations in food, and with certain changes in dietary habits. Fish and seafood is the food group showing the highest content of toxic elements. However, none of the adult groups exceeded-in general-the safety thresholds for As, Cd, Hg and Pb established by the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA).
人类接触砷以及镉、铅和汞等其他有毒元素可能会导致多种不良健康影响。与此相关的是，饮食是人体接触必需和有毒微量元素的主要途径，这一点已得到充分证实。近年来，世界各地开展了大量研究，对食品中的有毒元素含量进行了测定。科学数据库显示，在本世纪，中国和西班牙是开展此类调查最多的国家。就西班牙而言，加泰罗尼亚是开展旨在测定食品中微量元素浓度的研究最多的地区。本文的目的是回顾加泰罗尼亚开展的关于食品中砷和有毒金属（包括镉、汞和铅）浓度及其估计膳食摄入量（EDI）的研究。研究结果包括总膳食研究（TDS）和双份膳食（DD）研究。对于大多数有毒元素，已观察到其EDI持续下降。这种下降与食品中这些元素浓度的降低以及饮食习惯的某些变化有关。鱼类和海鲜是有毒元素含量最高的食物类别。然而，一般来说，所有成年人群体均未超过欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）设定的砷、镉、汞和铅的安全阈值。
