Perelló Gemma, Llobet Juan M, Gómez-Catalán Jesús, Castell Victòria, Centrich Francesc, Nadal Martí, Domingo José L
Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2014 Dec;162(1-3):26-37. doi: 10.1007/s12011-014-0138-x. Epub 2014 Sep 28.
The present study was aimed at estimating the current (2012) dietary intake of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) by the population of Catalonia, Spain. The temporal trends with respect to previous surveys, performed in 2000, 2005, and 2008, were also determined. For that purpose, metal concentrations were analyzed in a number of widely consumed foodstuffs. A speciation study was also conducted by experimentally determining the levels of inorganic As (InAs) and methylmercury (MeHg) in the same food items. Furthermore, the dietary intake of those metals and species was calculated both deterministically and probabilistically by considering two food consumption surveys: ENCAT and ENIDE, representative of the Catalan and Spanish populations, respectively. An important temporal decrease of the dietary intake was noted for most elements, irrespective of the age-gender population group. Considering data for a male adult, the current dietary intake of As, InAs, Cd, Hg, MeHg, and Pb was estimated in 216, 2.6, 8.7, 10, 7.3, and 8.4 μg/day, respectively, being these values lower than the respective provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWIs) or benchmark dose lower confidence limits (BMDLs). Moreover, new calculations by means of ENIDE survey indicated similar results to those previously obtained by ENCAT, with the exception of MeHg, whose intake exceeded the maximum recommended values for some part of the population. Although our data are similar to those frequently found in other European countries, the important intake of MeHg, which is linked to the high consumption of fish and shellfish, deserves further investigation.
本研究旨在估算西班牙加泰罗尼亚地区人群当前（2012年）砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）和铅（Pb）的膳食摄入量。同时还确定了与2000年、2005年和2008年之前调查相比的时间趋势。为此，分析了多种广泛消费的食品中的金属浓度。还通过实验测定相同食品中无机砷（InAs）和甲基汞（MeHg）的水平进行了形态分析研究。此外，通过考虑两项分别代表加泰罗尼亚人和西班牙人群的食品消费调查：ENCAT和ENIDE，确定性和概率性地计算了这些金属及其形态的膳食摄入量。无论年龄 - 性别群体如何，大多数元素的膳食摄入量均出现了显著的时间下降。以成年男性的数据为例，目前估计As、InAs、Cd、Hg、MeHg和Pb的膳食摄入量分别为216、2.6、8.7、10、7.3和8.4μg/天，这些值低于各自的暂定每周耐受摄入量（PTWIs）或基准剂量下限置信区间（BMDLs）。此外，通过ENIDE调查进行的新计算表明，除MeHg外，结果与之前通过ENCAT获得的结果相似，部分人群的MeHg摄入量超过了最大推荐值。尽管我们的数据与其他欧洲国家常见的数据相似，但与鱼类和贝类高消费量相关的MeHg的重要摄入量值得进一步研究。
