Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177, USA; Department of Soil & Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1101, USA.
Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2024 Dec;66:101285. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101285. Epub 2024 Oct 23.
Insect herbivore eco-immunology involves complex interactions between herbivore immunity and their natural enemies, and the responses of these interactions to environmental factors including plant anti-herbivore toxins. Plant toxins can affect herbivore immunity, leading to either immunoenhancement or immunosuppression, which in turn influences their vulnerability to parasitoids and pathogens. Herbivore immune responses differ among species regionally, reflecting adaptations to local environmental conditions and natural enemy pressures. Additionally, anthropogenic factors including like climate change, plant domestication, and invasive species are altering these eco-immunological dynamics. Such changes can ripple through food webs, affecting not only herbivores and their natural enemies but also broader community structures. By understanding these complex interactions, we can better predict ecosystem responses to environmental change.
昆虫食草动物生态免疫学涉及食草动物免疫力与其天敌之间的复杂相互作用，以及这些相互作用对环境因素的反应，包括植物抗食草动物毒素。植物毒素会影响食草动物的免疫力，导致免疫增强或免疫抑制，从而影响它们对寄生蜂和病原体的易感性。食草动物的免疫反应在不同物种之间存在地域差异，反映了对当地环境条件和天敌压力的适应性。此外，气候变化、植物驯化和入侵物种等人为因素正在改变这些生态免疫学动态。这些变化可以在食物网中传播，不仅影响食草动物及其天敌，还影响更广泛的群落结构。通过了解这些复杂的相互作用，我们可以更好地预测生态系统对环境变化的反应。
