Joyce Emily E, Xu Shishi, Ingre Caroline, Potenza Rosa Luisa, Seitz Christina, Yang Huazhen, Zeng Yu, Song Huan, Fang Fang
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism and West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Ann Neurol. 2025 Feb;97(2):259-269. doi: 10.1002/ana.27109. Epub 2024 Oct 25.
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between developmental and premorbid body composition measurements and the risk of motor neuron disease (MND).
We performed a cohort study in the UK Biobank to assess the association of developmental body metrics and premorbid body composition measures (using 28 measurements and 7 patterns of body composition) with the risk of MND. Among participants with longitudinal measures, we compared the changes in body composition over time between individuals who later developed MND and those who remained free of MND.
Among the 412,691 individuals included in this study, 549 people received an MND diagnosis during the follow-up visit. Higher birth weight was associated with an increased risk of MND among individuals born over 4 kg (hazard ratio [HR] per kg increase = 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.38-3.55), and taller adult height was associated with an increased risk of MND (HR per 5 cm increase = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.03-1.17). We observed that measures of elevated fat mass were associated with a lower risk of MND more than 5 years before diagnosis. A higher "leg-dominant fat distribution" pattern was associated with an increased risk whereas higher "muscle strength" was associated with a reduced risk of MND 5 years before diagnosis. Longitudinal analyses indicated a faster decline in measures of fat mass and muscle strength, as well as a shift in fat distribution from arm to leg dominant, among individuals who later developed MND, compared with others.
Body composition at early and middle age may be indicative of the risk of MND development. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:259-269.
本研究旨在调查发育和病前身体成分测量与运动神经元病（MND）风险之间的关联。
我们在英国生物银行进行了一项队列研究，以评估发育身体指标和病前身体成分测量（使用28项测量和7种身体成分模式）与MND风险的关联。在有纵向测量数据的参与者中，我们比较了后来患MND的个体和未患MND的个体之间身体成分随时间的变化。
在本研究纳入的412,691名个体中，549人在随访期间被诊断为MND。出生体重较高与出生体重超过4千克的个体患MND的风险增加相关（每增加1千克的风险比[HR]=2.21，95%置信区间[CI]=1.38 - 3.55），成年身高较高与患MND的风险增加相关（每增加5厘米的HR=1.10，95%CI=1.03 - 1.17）。我们观察到，在诊断前5年以上，较高的脂肪量测量值与较低的MND风险相关。较高的“腿部为主的脂肪分布”模式与风险增加相关，而较高的“肌肉力量”与诊断前5年的MND风险降低相关。纵向分析表明，与其他人相比，后来患MND的个体的脂肪量和肌肉力量测量值下降更快，并且脂肪分布从手臂为主转变为腿部为主。
中年及早期的身体成分可能预示着MND发生的风险。《神经病学年鉴》2025年；97：259 - 269。
