Mitchell Robert A, Macià Dídac, Jairoce Chenjerai, Mpina Maxmillian, Naidu Akshayata, Chopo-Pizarro Ana, Vázquez-Santiago Miquel, Campo Joseph J, Aide Pedro, Aguilar Ruth, Daubenberger Claudia, Dobaño Carlota, Moncunill Gemma
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.
NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Oct 25;9(1):200. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00977-y.
RTS,S/AS01, the first approved malaria vaccine, demonstrated moderate efficacy during the phase 3 pediatric trial. We previously investigated cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses following the primary 3-dose immunization and now report responses to the booster dose given 18 months later. Thirty CMI markers were measured by Luminex in supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 709 children and infants after RTS,S/AS01 antigen stimulation, and their associations with malaria risk and antibodies one month post-booster and one year later were assessed. IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-5, and IL-13 were associated with RTS,S/AS01 booster vaccination, and IL-2 responses to the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) remained higher after one year. IL-2 was associated with reduced malaria risk in one site, and IL-10 was associated with increased risk in infants. Anti-CSP IgG and IL-2 were moderately correlated one year after booster. This study highlights the moderate cell-mediated immunogenicity of the RTS,S/AS01 booster dose that aligns with partial recovery of RTS,S/AS01 vaccine efficacy.
首个获批的疟疾疫苗RTS,S/AS01在3期儿科试验中显示出中等疗效。我们之前研究了3剂次初次免疫后的细胞介导免疫（CMI）反应，现在报告18个月后加强剂量的反应。在RTS,S/AS01抗原刺激后，通过Luminex检测了709名儿童和婴儿外周血单个核细胞上清液中的30种CMI标志物，并评估了它们与加强免疫后1个月和1年后疟疾风险及抗体的关联。白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-17（IL-17）、白细胞介素-5（IL-5）和白细胞介素-13（IL-13）与RTS,S/AS01加强疫苗接种相关，对环子孢子蛋白（CSP）的IL-2反应在1年后仍较高。在一个地点，IL-2与疟疾风险降低相关，而在婴儿中，IL-10与风险增加相关。加强免疫1年后，抗CSP IgG与IL-2呈中度相关。本研究强调了RTS,S/AS01加强剂量的中等细胞介导免疫原性，这与RTS,S/AS01疫苗效力的部分恢复相一致。
