College of medicine and health sciences, medical laboratory department, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dire-Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Oct 25;24(1):1207. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-10098-5.
Anemia is a common complication of HIV infected children and it is enabling HIV disease progression, and decreasing survival. In Ethiopia, there is limited evidence on the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among HIV infected children particularly in the Awi Zone. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of anemia among HIV infected children on ART aged from 6 months to 15 year-old in ART Clinic, Awi-Zone, Ethiopia.
To assess the magnitude and associated factors of anemia among HIV infected children on antiretroviral therapy in Awi zone health facilities, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2022.
A facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October to December 2022. A simple random sampling method was used to select the study participants. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and proportions was used to summarize the study variables and data had been entered in to Epi data 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 25. Bivariable logistic regression followed by multivariable logistic regression was performed. Degree of association between dependent and independent variables had been assessed using adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI at p value of ≤ 0.05.
From 346 participants in the selected sample 339 (97.9%) of them responded. Prevalence of anemia was 13.3% (n = 45) among which, majority (44.4%) of them had mild anemia, while about (42.2%,) had moderate anemia and around 13.3%, of them were severely anemic. Baseline CD4 count (AOR = 6.58, 95% CI: 2.85-15.22), WHO clinical stage III or IV (AOR = 8.42, 95% CI = 3.47, 20.45), hookworm infection (AOR = 5.06, 95% CI = 2.04, 12) and malaria infection (AOR = 4.92, 95% CI (2.19-11.02) were significantly associated with anemia among children on HAART.
The prevalence of anemia among participants was relatively low in this study. However, a considerable proportion of participants had moderate to severe anemia. Lower CD4 count at enrolment, advanced HIV clinical stage, malaria and hookworm infection were significantly linked with anemia. Thus, it requires regular monitoring of anemia status in these patients for better clinical outcomes and quality of life improvements.
贫血是 HIV 感染儿童的常见并发症，会加速 HIV 疾病进展并降低存活率。在埃塞俄比亚，关于 HIV 感染儿童贫血的患病率及其相关因素的证据有限，特别是在阿维地区。因此，本研究旨在评估阿维地区接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的 HIV 感染儿童的贫血患病率及其相关因素。
评估 2022 年在阿维地区卫生机构接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的 HIV 感染儿童贫血的严重程度及其相关因素。
采用 2022 年 10 月至 12 月期间进行的基于设施的横断面研究设计。采用简单随机抽样方法选择研究参与者。使用描述性统计，包括频率和比例，对研究变量进行总结，并将数据输入 EpiData 4.2 并导出到 SPSS 版本 25。进行单变量逻辑回归，然后进行多变量逻辑回归。使用调整后的优势比（95%CI，p 值≤0.05）评估依赖变量和独立变量之间的关联程度。
在选定的样本中，有 346 名参与者，其中 339 名（97.9%）做出了回应。贫血患病率为 13.3%（n=45），其中大多数（44.4%）为轻度贫血，约（42.2%）为中度贫血，约（13.3%）为重度贫血。基线 CD4 计数（AOR=6.58，95%CI：2.85-15.22）、世界卫生组织临床分期 III 或 IV 期（AOR=8.42，95%CI=3.47-20.45）、钩虫感染（AOR=5.06，95%CI=2.04-12）和疟疾感染（AOR=4.92，95%CI（2.19-11.02）与接受 HAART 的儿童贫血显著相关。
本研究中参与者的贫血患病率相对较低，但相当一部分参与者患有中重度贫血。入学时 CD4 计数较低、HIV 临床分期较晚、疟疾和钩虫感染与贫血显著相关。因此，需要定期监测这些患者的贫血状况，以改善临床结局和生活质量。
