Faculty of Biology, Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Medical Institute of Ministry of Interior, 79, Skobelev Blvd., 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Biomolecules. 2024 Oct 16;14(10):1314. doi: 10.3390/biom14101314.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Its incidence holds a major position among the most common life-threatening diseases. Hence, the early identification and precise characterization of disease activity based on proper biomarkers are of utmost importance for therapeutic strategy and patient survival. The identification of new biomarkers for colorectal cancer or disease-specific levels/combinations of biomarkers will significantly contribute to precise diagnosis and improved personalized treatment of patients. Therefore, the present study aims to identify colorectal cancer-specific immunological biomarkers. The plasma levels of several cytokines (interleukin-1β /IL-1β/, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, TGFβ and IFNγ) of 20 patients with colorectal cancer and 21 healthy individuals were determined by ELISA. The expression of several types of glycoproteins on the surface of peripheral blood leukocytes isolated from CRC patients and healthy volunteers was evaluated by flow cytometry. Correlations between cytokine levels and cell surface glycoprotein expression were analyzed. The obtained results demonstrated significantly elevated levels of CD80, CD86, CD279 and CD274 expressing leukocyte populations in the cancer patient group, while the numbers of NK cells and CD8- and CD25-positive cells were decreased. Based on these data and the correlations with cytokine levels, it can be concluded that CD25, CD80, CD86, CD274 and CD279 glycoproteins combined with specific plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-15 and TGFβ could represent potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球主要的死亡原因。其发病率在最常见的危及生命的疾病中占据重要地位。因此，基于适当的生物标志物，早期识别和精确描述疾病活动对于治疗策略和患者生存至关重要。鉴定结直肠癌的新型生物标志物或疾病特异性的生物标志物水平/组合将极大地有助于患者的精确诊断和改善个性化治疗。因此，本研究旨在鉴定结直肠癌特异性免疫生物标志物。通过 ELISA 测定了 20 例结直肠癌患者和 21 例健康个体的几种细胞因子（白细胞介素-1β/IL-1β/、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10、IL-12、IL-15、TGFβ和 IFNγ）的血浆水平。通过流式细胞术评估了从 CRC 患者和健康志愿者分离的外周血白细胞表面的几种糖蛋白的表达。分析了细胞因子水平与细胞表面糖蛋白表达之间的相关性。结果表明，癌症患者组白细胞群体中 CD80、CD86、CD279 和 CD274 表达水平显著升高，而 NK 细胞和 CD8-和 CD25 阳性细胞的数量减少。基于这些数据以及与细胞因子水平的相关性，可以得出结论，CD25、CD80、CD86、CD274 和 CD279 糖蛋白与特定的血浆水平的 IL-1β、IL-2、IL-15 和 TGFβ 结合可能代表结直肠癌的潜在生物标志物。
