Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 17;25(20):11138. doi: 10.3390/ijms252011138.
Host defense mechanisms against viral infections have been extensively studied over the past few decades and continue to be a crucial area of research in understanding human diseases caused by acute and chronic viral infections. Among various host mechanisms, recent findings have revealed that several host RNA-binding proteins play pivotal roles in regulating viral RNA to suppress viral replication and eliminate infection. We have focused on identifying host proteins that function as regulators of viral RNA, specifically targeting viral components without adversely affecting host cells. Interestingly, these proteins exhibit dual roles in either restricting viral infections or promoting viral persistence by interacting with cofactors to either degrade viral genomes or stabilize them. In this review, we discuss RNA-binding zinc finger proteins as viral RNA regulators, classified into two major types: ZCCCH-type and ZCCHC-type. By highlighting the functional diversity of these zinc finger proteins, this review provides insights into their potential as therapeutic targets for the development of novel antiviral therapies.
宿主防御机制对病毒感染的研究已经进行了几十年，并且仍然是理解由急性和慢性病毒感染引起的人类疾病的关键研究领域。在各种宿主机制中，最近的研究结果表明，几种宿主 RNA 结合蛋白在调节病毒 RNA 以抑制病毒复制和消除感染方面发挥着关键作用。我们专注于鉴定作为病毒 RNA 调节剂的宿主蛋白，这些蛋白特异性靶向病毒成分而不影响宿主细胞。有趣的是，这些蛋白通过与辅助因子相互作用来降解病毒基因组或稳定它们，从而发挥限制病毒感染或促进病毒持续存在的双重作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了作为病毒 RNA 调节剂的 RNA 结合锌指蛋白，将其分为两类：ZCCCH 型和 ZCCHC 型。通过强调这些锌指蛋白的功能多样性，本文综述为开发新型抗病毒疗法提供了作为治疗靶点的潜力。
