Nakayama Enri, Tohara Haruka, Kimura Masanori, Koide Iki, Abe Kimiko, Yonenaga Kazumichi
The Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 1018310, Japan.
Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Department of Gerontology and Gerodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 1138510, Japan.
J Clin Med. 2024 Oct 10;13(20):6040. doi: 10.3390/jcm13206040.
: Many studies have reported on the relationship between cognitive and masticatory functions. However, it remains unclear how the mandibular movements change during chewing in facility residents as dementia progresses. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a kinematic analysis of mandibular movement during mastication and cognitive function in facility residents. Sixty-three participants were included from two long-term care facilities. The primary outcome variable was the kinematic data of mandibular movement during mastication. The participants chewed rice crackers, and their faces were recorded during this motion. The partial correlation coefficient between kinematic data and cognitive function was calculated. Furthermore, group comparisons were performed after dividing the participants into three groups based on their cognitive function. Circular motion frequency was significantly correlated with the ABC dementia scale, even after adjusting for the appendicular skeletal muscle index, Eichner index, and short-form mini-nutritional assessment. The cycle and circular motion frequencies were markedly lower in the severe dementia group than in the mild dementia group. With declining cognitive function, mandibular movements during mastication decrease in circular motion and increase in linear motion. Additionally, our results suggested that residents with severe cognitive impairment had more linear mandibular motions during mastication than those with mild cognitive impairment. This may make it more difficult for residents with cognitive decline to ingest normal solid foods.
许多研究都报道了认知功能与咀嚼功能之间的关系。然而，随着痴呆症的进展，机构养老居民在咀嚼过程中下颌运动如何变化仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查机构养老居民咀嚼过程中下颌运动的运动学分析与认知功能之间的关系。来自两个长期护理机构的63名参与者被纳入研究。主要结局变量是咀嚼过程中下颌运动的运动学数据。参与者咀嚼米饼，并在此过程中记录他们的面部情况。计算运动学数据与认知功能之间的偏相关系数。此外，在根据认知功能将参与者分为三组后进行组间比较。即使在调整了附属骨骼肌指数、艾希纳指数和简版微型营养评定量表后，圆周运动频率仍与ABC痴呆量表显著相关。重度痴呆组的周期和圆周运动频率明显低于轻度痴呆组。随着认知功能下降，咀嚼过程中的下颌运动圆周运动减少，直线运动增加。此外，我们的结果表明，重度认知障碍的居民在咀嚼过程中比轻度认知障碍的居民有更多的下颌直线运动。这可能会使认知能力下降的居民更难摄入正常的固体食物。
