Demurtas Sara, Cena Hellas, Benazzo Marco, Gabanelli Paola, Porcelli Simone, Preda Lorenzo, Bortolotto Chandra, Bertino Giulia, Mauramati Simone, Veneroni Maria Vittoria, Orlandi Ester, Camarda Anna Maria, Madini Nagaia, Raso Chiara Annamaria, Locati Laura Deborah
Internal Medicine and Therapeutics Department, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Unit of Medical Oncology, Maugeri Clinical Research Institutes IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2024 Oct 17;13(20):6176. doi: 10.3390/jcm13206176.
Cancer prehabilitation is the process between the time of cancer diagnosis and the beginning of the active acute treatment; prehabilitation consists of various need-based interventions, e.g., physical activity, a nutritional program, and psychological support. It can be delivered as unimodal or multimodal interventions. Physical activity, including resistant exercise and aerobic activities, has to be tailored according to the patient's characteristics; nutritional support is aimed at preventing malnutrition and sarcopenia; while psychological intervention intercepts the patient's distress and supports specific intervention to address it. In addition, multimodal prehabilitation could have a potential impact on the immune system, globally reducing the inflammatory processes and, as a consequence, influencing cancer progression. However, many challenges are still to be addressed, foremost among them the feasibility of prehabilitation programs, the lack of adequate facilities for these programs' implementation, and the fact that not all prehabilitation interventions are reimbursed by the national health system.
癌症术前康复是指从癌症诊断之时到积极的急性治疗开始之间的过程；术前康复包括各种基于需求的干预措施，例如体育活动、营养计划和心理支持。它可以作为单模式或多模式干预措施来实施。体育活动，包括抗阻运动和有氧运动，必须根据患者的特点进行调整；营养支持旨在预防营养不良和肌肉减少症；而心理干预则是为了缓解患者的痛苦并支持针对该问题的具体干预措施。此外，多模式术前康复可能会对免疫系统产生潜在影响，全面减少炎症过程，从而影响癌症进展。然而，仍有许多挑战需要解决，其中最主要的是术前康复计划的可行性、缺乏实施这些计划的足够设施，以及并非所有术前康复干预措施都能得到国家卫生系统报销这一事实。
