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次氯酸钙在用于枫糖浆采集的3/16英寸管道消毒中的应用。

Application of Calcium Hypochlorite for Sanitizing 3/16-Inch Tubing Used in Maple Sap Collection.

作者信息

Jung Yangjin, McHugh Olivia, Ayilaran Elijah

机构信息

Agricultural & Environmental Research Station, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA.

Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA.

出版信息

Microorganisms. 2024 Sep 26;12(10):1948. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12101948.

DOI:10.3390/microorganisms12101948
PMID:39458258
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11509703/
Abstract

Despite the widespread empirical adoption of calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)) for sanitizing 3/16-inch tubing after the maple sap collection season, there remains a dearth of scientific data on its best practice and effectiveness. To address this gap, we cultivated microbial mass in tubing through continuous maple sap flow at 7 °C for 5 weeks in the lab. The tubing was sanitized with 200, 400, or 600 ppm Ca(ClO) and retained Ca(ClO) for either 10 min, 1 h, 7 days, or 6 weeks. Half of the tubing segments underwent microbial analysis, while the other half were stored for 6 weeks post-flushing of the Ca(ClO) to determine microbial survival/growth. The level and presence of the microbial load were determined, and the inner tubing surfaces were visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The initial microbial load in the tubing was approximately 4-5 log CFU/cm. A 10-min and 1 h contact time with 200 ppm Ca(ClO), and a 10-min exposure to 400 ppm Ca(ClO), achieved reductions of 2.4-2.8 log for spp., 1.6-2.5 log for mold and yeast, and 2.3-3.3 log for psychrotrophic microorganisms. Microorganisms were recovered from the enrichment process after retaining 200 ppm Ca(ClO) for 6 weeks, indicating insufficient inactivation. Consequently, the data suggests the use of at least 400 ppm Ca(ClO) for 1 day. The SEM images supported the microbial count results, offering valuable insights for educating maple syrup producers on optimal tubing sanitation practices.

摘要

尽管在枫糖浆采集季节过后，次氯酸钙（Ca(ClO)）被广泛用于对3/16英寸的管道进行消毒，但关于其最佳实践和有效性的科学数据仍然匮乏。为了填补这一空白，我们在实验室中通过在7°C下持续流动枫糖浆5周，在管道中培养微生物菌群。管道分别用200、400或600 ppm的Ca(ClO)进行消毒，并分别保留Ca(ClO) 10分钟、1小时、7天或6周。一半的管道段进行微生物分析，另一半在冲洗掉Ca(ClO)后储存6周，以确定微生物的存活/生长情况。测定了微生物负荷的水平和存在情况，并使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了管道内表面。管道中的初始微生物负荷约为4-5 log CFU/cm。与200 ppm Ca(ClO)接触10分钟和1小时，以及与400 ppm Ca(ClO)接触10分钟，可使 spp.减少2.4-2.8 log，霉菌和酵母菌减少1.6-2.5 log，嗜冷微生物减少2.3-3.3 log。在保留200 ppm Ca(ClO) 6周后，从富集过程中回收了微生物，表明灭活不足。因此，数据表明应使用至少400 ppm Ca(ClO)处理1天。SEM图像支持了微生物计数结果，为教育枫糖浆生产商采用最佳管道卫生做法提供了有价值的见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/d1cb4ab3cdd8/microorganisms-12-01948-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/e8866ece0616/microorganisms-12-01948-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/47e7534c4b70/microorganisms-12-01948-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/298efd67dc52/microorganisms-12-01948-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/102933ae2fa2/microorganisms-12-01948-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/b1710dbb18f6/microorganisms-12-01948-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/00cb68b78238/microorganisms-12-01948-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/d1cb4ab3cdd8/microorganisms-12-01948-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/e8866ece0616/microorganisms-12-01948-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/47e7534c4b70/microorganisms-12-01948-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/298efd67dc52/microorganisms-12-01948-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/102933ae2fa2/microorganisms-12-01948-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/b1710dbb18f6/microorganisms-12-01948-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/00cb68b78238/microorganisms-12-01948-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/063f/11509703/d1cb4ab3cdd8/microorganisms-12-01948-g007.jpg

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