School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Center for Clinical Research, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 11;16(20):3449. doi: 10.3390/nu16203449.
Recently, elevated levels of plasma erythritol have been associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). It is known that people with HIV (PWH) have a higher cardiovascular disease burden. Whether PWH have higher levels of plasma erythritol has not been evaluated. This study aimed to assess if blood erythritol levels are elevated in PWH and to examine relationships between erythritol and dietary, cardiometabolic, inflammatory, and gut health markers.
Plasma erythritol levels were measured using frozen samples from 162 participants, including 109 PWH and 53 people without HIV (PWoH) in a parent study. General linear models were used to assess the linear relationship between characteristics, cardiovascular measures, markers of body composition, inflammation, and gut integrity with plasma erythritol. Logistic regression was used to assess risk factors associated with PWH, and cumulative logit models were used to investigate which factors were associated with having the highest plasma erythritol levels among PWH.
Compared to PWoH, PWH had higher plasma erythritol levels ( = 0.03). Every 10% increase in VLDL ( = 0.01), visceral adipose tissue ( < 0.0001), or TNFrI ( = 0.01) was associated with an approximately 1% increase in plasma erythritol. Among PWH, HgbA1c ( = 0.003), TNFrI ( = 0.002), and IFAB-P ( = 0.004) were associated with having the highest tertile of plasma erythritol (≥3.6 μM). Compared to PWoH, PWH were more than two times as likely ( = 0.03) to have plasma erythritol ≥ 3.6 μM.
We identified positive associations between plasma erythritol levels and several factors, including HIV status, BMI, adipose tissue, TNFr1, HbA1c, and VLDL. These results underscore the importance of further investigating the role of elevated plasma erythritol levels in people with HIV, particularly in light of their increased vulnerability to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
最近，血浆赤藓糖醇水平升高与主要不良心血管事件（MACE）有关。已知 HIV 感染者（PWH）的心血管疾病负担更高。尚未评估 PWH 是否具有更高的血浆赤藓糖醇水平。本研究旨在评估 PWH 的血液赤藓糖醇水平是否升高，并研究赤藓糖醇与饮食、心脏代谢、炎症和肠道健康标志物之间的关系。
在一项母研究中，使用来自 162 名参与者的冷冻样本测量了血浆赤藓糖醇水平，其中包括 109 名 PWH 和 53 名没有 HIV 的人（PWoH）。使用一般线性模型评估特征、心血管测量、身体成分标志物、炎症和肠道完整性与血浆赤藓糖醇之间的线性关系。使用逻辑回归评估与 PWH 相关的危险因素，并使用累积对数模型调查哪些因素与 PWH 中血浆赤藓糖醇水平最高相关。
与 PWoH 相比，PWH 的血浆赤藓糖醇水平更高（ = 0.03）。VLDL（ = 0.01）、内脏脂肪组织（ < 0.0001）或 TNFrI（ = 0.01）每增加 10%，血浆赤藓糖醇水平约增加 1%。在 PWH 中，HgbA1c（ = 0.003）、TNFrI（ = 0.002）和 IFAB-P（ = 0.004）与血浆赤藓糖醇最高三分位（≥3.6 μM）相关。与 PWoH 相比，PWH 有超过两倍的可能性（ = 0.03）具有血浆赤藓糖醇≥3.6 μM。
我们发现血浆赤藓糖醇水平与多种因素之间存在正相关关系，包括 HIV 状态、BMI、脂肪组织、TNFr1、HbA1c 和 VLDL。这些结果强调了进一步研究 HIV 感染者中升高的血浆赤藓糖醇水平的重要性，特别是考虑到他们对心血管和代谢疾病的易感性增加。
