College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 14;16(20):3473. doi: 10.3390/nu16203473.
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common disease among women, which can cause many complications and seriously threaten women's physical and mental health. Currently, hormone replacement therapy is the primary treatment for premature ovarian failure. However, the side effects are serious and will increase the chance of breast cancer and endometrial cancer. Deer blood hydrolysate (DBH) is the product of enzymatic hydrolysis of deer blood, has antioxidant, anti-ageing, and anti-fatigue effects, and has the potential to improve premature ovarian failure.
In our experiment, a mouse model of premature ovarian failure was established through intraperitoneal injection of 400 mg/kg/d of D-gal for 42 days. At the same time, different doses of DBH were gavaged to observe its ameliorative effect on premature ovarian failure.
The experimental findings indicated that DBH could restore the irregular oestrus cycle of POF mice, improve the abnormal amounts in serum hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), progesterone (P) and estradiol (E2), increase the number of primordial follicles and decrease the number of atretic follicles. In addition, DBH also raised the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in mice. The WB assay results showed that gavage of DBH restored the decrease in the indication of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Heme Oxygenase-1 (Ho-1), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) proteins and reduced the elevated expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), and Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (Caspase-3) proteins that were induced by D-gal.
To sum up, the present research indicated that DBH can ameliorate D-gal-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway and the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 apoptosis pathway, which can be used for further development as a nutraceutical product to improve premature ovarian failure.
卵巢早衰（POF）是一种常见的妇科疾病，可引起多种并发症，严重威胁女性身心健康。目前，激素替代疗法是治疗卵巢早衰的主要方法。但是，副作用严重，会增加乳腺癌和子宫内膜癌的发病几率。鹿血水解物（DBH）是鹿血酶解产物，具有抗氧化、抗衰老、抗疲劳作用，有改善卵巢早衰的潜力。
本实验通过腹腔注射 400mg/kg/d 的 D-半乳糖 42 天建立卵巢早衰小鼠模型，同时给予不同剂量的 DBH 灌胃，观察其对卵巢早衰的改善作用。
实验结果表明，DBH 可恢复 POF 小鼠不规则动情周期，改善血清激素卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、孕激素（P）和雌二醇（E2）异常量，增加原始卵泡数，减少闭锁卵泡数。此外，DBH 还可提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平，降低丙二醛（MDA）水平，减少卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡。WB 检测结果表明，DBH 灌胃可恢复 D-半乳糖诱导的核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）、血红素加氧酶-1（Ho-1）和 B 细胞淋巴瘤-2（Bcl-2）蛋白表达降低，降低 Kelch 样 ECH 相关蛋白 1（Keap1）、Bcl-2 相关 X 蛋白（Bax）和胱天蛋白酶-3（Caspase-3）蛋白表达升高。
综上所述，本研究表明，DBH 可通过调节 Nrf2/HO-1 信号通路和 Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 凋亡通路改善 D-半乳糖诱导的氧化应激和凋亡，可进一步开发为改善卵巢早衰的营养保健品。
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