有氧运动和高蛋白质、低血糖指数饮食对腹型肥胖男性鸢尾素、网膜素和血脂异常的积极影响：一项随机对照试验。

Positive Effects of Aerobic-Resistance Exercise and an Ad Libitum High-Protein, Low-Glycemic Index Diet on Irisin, Omentin, and Dyslipidemia in Men with Abdominal Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

机构信息

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Cracow, Poland.

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Cracow, Poland.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2024 Oct 14;16(20):3480. doi: 10.3390/nu16203480.

DOI:10.3390/nu16203480

PMID:39458475

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11510197/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this research was to evaluate changes in body composition, adipokine levels, and dyslipidemia parameters in males with abdominal obesity following two distinct interventions: exercise alone and exercise combined with an ad libitum diet.

METHODS

This study included 44 males with abdominal obesity (mean age 34.7 ± 5.5 years, waist circumference [WC] 110.3 ± 8.5, BMI 32.0 ± 3.9), who were randomly assigned to three groups: an experimental group engaging in aerobic-resistance exercise (II, = 16), an experimental group engaging in aerobic-resistance exercise combined with an ad libitum high-protein, low-glycemic index carbohydrate diet (III, = 16), both interventions lasting 6 weeks, and a control group without interventions (I, = 12). Body composition metrics (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], body fat [BF], abdominal fat [ABD]) and fat-free mass [FFM], along with biochemical blood analyses (irisin [IR], omentin [OMEN], glucose [GLU], insulin [INS], LDL- and HDL-cholesterol), were measured at baseline and after the 6-week intervention. The effects of the interventions on the analyzed variables across groups were assessed using mixed ANOVA tests with post-hoc comparisons. Effect size (ES) was also calculated using partial eta squared (p).

RESULTS

The intervention in group III resulted in a significant decrease in IR ( < 0.01, p = 0.03) by 41% and LDL-C ( < 0.01, p = 0.02) by 14%. These effects were associated with a reduction in BF ( < 0.01, p = 0.02) by 14%, ABD ( < 0.01, p = 0.03) by 31%, and WC ( < 0.01, p = 0.01) by 3%. In group II, decreases after 6 weeks of intervention were noted only in WC ( = 0.02, p = 0.01) by 1% and in INS ( < 0.01, p = 0.04) by 47%. No differences were found between groups. The use of low-glycemic index carbohydrates ( < 0.01, p = 0.06) and increased protein intake ( < 0.01, p = 0.30) led to changes in the fiber-to-energy value of the diet ratio ( < 0.01, p = 0.18) and a reduction in dietary energy value ( < 0.01, p = 0.13) by 23%, resulting in a greater energy deficit than in the II group.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings highlight the effect of combining dietary and exercise interventions to achieve significant changes in body composition and metabolic parameters, even over a short period of intervention.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在评估两种不同干预措施（单独运动和运动结合随意饮食）对男性腹型肥胖患者体成分、脂肪因子水平和血脂参数的影响。

方法

本研究纳入了 44 名腹型肥胖男性（平均年龄 34.7 ± 5.5 岁，腰围[WC] 110.3 ± 8.5cm，BMI 32.0 ± 3.9kg/m²），他们被随机分配到三个组：进行有氧-抗阻运动的实验组（II 组，n=16）、进行有氧-抗阻运动结合随意高蛋白质、低血糖指数碳水化合物饮食的实验组（III 组，n=16）和不进行干预的对照组（I 组，n=12）。在基线和 6 周干预后，测量体成分指标（BMI、WC、体脂肪[BF]、腹内脂肪[ABD]和去脂体重[FFM]）和生化血液分析（鸢尾素[IR]、网膜素[OMEN]、血糖[GLU]、胰岛素[INS]、LDL-和 HDL-胆固醇）。采用混合方差分析检验各组间干预的效果，并进行事后比较。还使用偏 eta 平方（p）计算效应量（ES）。

结果

III 组的干预导致 IR 显著下降（<0.01，p=0.03），下降了 41%，LDL-C 也显著下降（<0.01，p=0.02），下降了 14%。这些效果与 BF（<0.01，p=0.02）减少 14%、ABD（<0.01，p=0.03）减少 31%和 WC（<0.01，p=0.01）减少 3%有关。在 II 组中，仅在干预 6 周后观察到 WC（=0.02，p=0.01）减少 1%和 INS（<0.01，p=0.04）减少 47%。各组之间无差异。低升糖指数碳水化合物的使用（<0.01，p=0.06）和蛋白质摄入的增加（<0.01，p=0.30）导致饮食纤维-能量值比的变化（<0.01，p=0.18）和饮食能量值减少（<0.01，p=0.13）23%，导致能量亏损大于 II 组。