Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 17;16(20):3522. doi: 10.3390/nu16203522.
Obesity is characterized by low-grade chronic inflammation, which can be modulated by lipid mediators derived from omega-3 (-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Obesity is a multifactorial disease, where genetic and environmental factors strongly interact to increase its development. In this context, the gene encodes the delta-5 desaturase protein, which catalyzes the desaturation of PUFA. The rs174547 genetic variant of has been associated with alterations in lipid metabolism, particularly with decreases in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations.
To analyze the effect of an -3-supplemented diet on the fatty acid profile and composition in red blood cells (RBCs) of obese subjects carrying the rs174547 variant of the gene.
Seventy-six subjects with obesity were divided into two groups: omega-3 (1.5 g of -3/day) and placebo (1.5 g of sunflower oil/day). The dietary intervention consisted of a four-month follow-up. Anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables were evaluated monthly. The total fatty acid profile in RBC was determined using gas chromatography. The rs174547 variant was analyzed through allelic discrimination.
The -3 index (O3I) increased at the end of the intervention in both groups. Subjects carrying the CC genotype showed significant differences (minor increase) in -6, -3, total PUFA, EPA, DHA, and the O3I in RBCs compared to TT genotype carriers in the -3 group.
The diet supplemented with EPA and DHA is ideal for providing the direct products that bypass the synthesis step affected by the rs174547 variant in subjects carrying the CC genotype. The O3I confirmed an increase in -3 fatty acids in RBCs at the end of the intervention.
肥胖的特征是低度慢性炎症，可以通过来自 ω-3（-3）多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的脂质介质来调节。肥胖是一种多因素疾病，遗传和环境因素强烈相互作用以增加其发展。在这种情况下， 基因编码 δ-5 去饱和酶蛋白，该蛋白催化 PUFA 的去饱和作用。 基因的 rs174547 遗传变异与脂质代谢的改变有关，特别是与二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和花生四烯酸（AA）浓度的降低有关。
分析富含 -3 的饮食对携带 基因 rs174547 变异的肥胖受试者红细胞（RBC）中脂肪酸谱和组成的影响。
将 76 名肥胖受试者分为两组：ω-3（每天 1.5 g -3）和安慰剂（每天 1.5 g 葵花籽油）。饮食干预包括为期四个月的随访。每月评估人体测量学、生化和饮食变量。使用气相色谱法测定 RBC 中的总脂肪酸谱。通过等位基因鉴别分析 rs174547 变异。
两组的 -3 指数（O3I）在干预结束时均增加。与 TT 基因型携带者相比，携带 CC 基因型的受试者在 -3 组中，-6、-3、总 PUFA、EPA、DHA 和 RBC 中的 O3I 均有显著差异（略有增加）。
富含 EPA 和 DHA 的饮食是为携带 CC 基因型的受试者提供直接产物的理想选择，这些直接产物可以绕过受 基因 rs174547 变异影响的合成步骤。干预结束时 RBC 中 -3 脂肪酸的 O3I 证实增加。
