Fayyaz Khadijah, Din Muhammad Saeed Ud, Bashir Husnain, Ahmad Firdos, Barrow Colin J, Khalid Nauman
Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Department of Cardiology, Sheikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore 54560, Pakistan.
Nutrients. 2025 Aug 28;17(17):2804. doi: 10.3390/nu17172804.
: Atherosclerosis is a major contributor to ischemic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as myocardial infarction and stroke, which are leading causes of mortality and morbidity. The management of atherosclerosis through personalized nutrition has gained importance in recent years due to advancements in nutrigenomics, gut microbiome evaluation, and metabolomics. However, no systematic review has comprehensively evaluated the impact of personalized nutrition interventions on atherosclerotic plaque progression and clinical outcomes in humans. : We adopted a systematic approach based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Key databases like PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE via EBSCOhost were searched using predefined terms related to personalized nutrition, atherosclerosis, nutrigenomics, and clinical outcomes. : Evidence evaluation using the framework of Boffetta et al. for cumulative evidence on the joint effects of genes and environments strongly suggested significant diet-gene interactions. Polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein A-II () gene have been shown to influence body mass index and lipid levels. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can modulate microRNA expression, thereby impacting lipid metabolism. Epigenetic studies showed that dietary components can modify histone acetylation and non-coding RNA activity, which ultimately influence gene expression related to inflammation and lipid metabolism, improving clinical outcomes in atherosclerosis management. : Integrating personalized nutrition into clinical practice promises to enhance atherosclerosis outcomes through targeted dietary interventions. Advancements in personalized nutrition offer a promising pathway toward more effective and personalized approaches to cardiovascular health.
动脉粥样硬化是导致缺血性心血管疾病（如心肌梗死和中风）的主要因素，这些疾病是死亡率和发病率的主要原因。近年来，由于营养基因组学、肠道微生物组评估和代谢组学的进展，通过个性化营养管理动脉粥样硬化变得越来越重要。然而，尚无系统评价全面评估个性化营养干预对人类动脉粥样硬化斑块进展和临床结局的影响。
我们采用了一种基于系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南的系统方法。使用与个性化营养、动脉粥样硬化、营养基因组学和临床结局相关的预定义术语，检索了PubMed、Cochrane、谷歌学术和通过EBSCOhost的MEDLINE等关键数据库。
使用Boffetta等人的框架对基因和环境联合效应的累积证据进行证据评估，强烈表明存在显著的饮食-基因相互作用。载脂蛋白A-II（）基因的多态性已被证明会影响体重指数和血脂水平。此外，研究表明，ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）可以调节微小RNA的表达，从而影响脂质代谢。表观遗传学研究表明，饮食成分可以改变组蛋白乙酰化和非编码RNA活性，最终影响与炎症和脂质代谢相关的基因表达，改善动脉粥样硬化管理的临床结局。
将个性化营养纳入临床实践有望通过有针对性的饮食干预改善动脉粥样硬化的结局。个性化营养的进展为实现更有效、更个性化的心血管健康方法提供了一条有前景的途径。
