Turco Alessio, Wagensommer Robert Philipp, Albano Antonella, Medagli Pietro, D'Emerico Saverio
Faculty of Education, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39042 Brixen-Bressanone, Italy.
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of the Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Oct 10;13(20):2838. doi: 10.3390/plants13202838.
Based on our karyological findings in the Rich., L., and L. genera, we have identified chromosomal markers within some hybrids and elucidated their interrelationships. Mitotic chromosomes of fifteen taxa were analyzed using the conventional Feulgen staining method. Only for (Rchb. f.) H.Kretzschmar, Eccarius & Dietr. [ (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase × (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase] and its parental species were some data obtained and reported with the banding method with Giemsa, Hoechst 33258 fluorochrome, and the FISH techniques. Our research involved new chromosomal measurements of fifteen taxa, including six hybrids, along with schematic representations. Morphometric parameters, i.e., M and CV, were used to evaluate karyotype asymmetry. Of meaning were the analyses performed on chromosomal complements of selected hybrids, which distinctly revealed marker chromosomes present in one or both putative parental species. Among the parents identified in some hybrids, Willd. has shown some interest due to the presence in its karyotype of a pair of chromosomes (n.1) showing a notable secondary constriction on the long arm. Indeed, one of the homologs is clearly distinguishable in the analyzed hybrids, where it clearly emerges as one of the putative parents. Given the challenges in detecting certain karyomorphological features within the Orchidinae subtribe using alternative methods, such as Giemsa C-banding or fluorescence banding, the Feulgen method remains valuable for cytogenetic characterization. It helps us to understand the genomes of hybrids and parental species, thus contributing to a deeper understanding of their genetic composition.
基于我们对兜兰属、杓兰属和独蒜兰属的核型研究结果，我们在一些杂交种中鉴定出了染色体标记，并阐明了它们之间的相互关系。使用传统的福尔根染色法分析了15个分类群的有丝分裂染色体。仅对（Rchb. f.）H.Kretzschmar、Eccarius & Dietr. [（L.）R.M.Bateman、Pridgeon & M.W.Chase × （L.）R.M.Bateman、Pridgeon & M.W.Chase]及其亲本物种，采用吉姆萨染色法、Hoechst 33258荧光染料和荧光原位杂交技术获得并报告了一些数据。我们的研究包括对15个分类群（包括6个杂交种）进行新的染色体测量，并绘制示意图。形态测量参数，即M和CV，用于评估核型不对称性。对选定杂交种的染色体组进行的分析具有重要意义，这些分析清楚地揭示了一个或两个假定亲本物种中存在的标记染色体。在一些杂交种中鉴定出的亲本中，Willd.因其核型中存在一对染色体（n.1），其长臂上有明显的次缢痕而引起了一些关注。事实上，在所分析的杂交种中，其中一条同源染色体清晰可辨，它显然是假定亲本之一。鉴于使用替代方法（如吉姆萨C带或荧光带）在红门兰亚族中检测某些核型形态特征存在挑战，福尔根方法对于细胞遗传学特征分析仍然很有价值。它有助于我们了解杂交种和亲本物种的基因组，从而有助于更深入地了解它们的遗传组成。
