Čepulienė Rita, Butkevičienė Lina Marija, Steponavičienė Vaida
Department of Agroecosystems and Soil Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Street 58, LT-44248 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Oct 17;13(20):2911. doi: 10.3390/plants13202911.
A peat substrate is made from peat from drained peatlands, which is a limited resource. A realistic estimate is that 50% of the world's wetlands have been lost. Peat is used in horticulture, especially for the cultivation of vegetables in greenhouses. The consequences of peatland exploitation are an increase in the greenhouse effect and a decrease in carbon stocks. Wood fiber can be used as an alternative to peat. The chemical properties of growing media interact and change continuously due to the small volume of growing media, which is limited by the growing container. This study aims to gain new knowledge on the impact of nutrient changes in the microbial degradation of carbon compounds in wood fiber and mixtures with a peat substrate on the content and uptake of nutrients required by plants. The cucumber ( L.) variety 'Dirigent H' developed in the Netherlands was cultivated in growing media of a peat substrate and wood fiber: (1) peat substrate (PS); (2) wood fiber (WF); (3) wood fiber and peat substrate 50/50 / (WF/PS 50/50); (4) wood fiber and peat substrate 25/75 / (WF/PS 25/75). The rates of fertilization were the following: (1) conventional fertilization (CF); (2) 13 g N per plant (N); (3) 23 g N per plant (N); (4) 30 g N per plant (N). The experiment was carried out with three replications. As the amount of wood fiber increased, the humidity and pH of the growing media increased. The fertilization of the cucumbers with different quantities of nitrogen influenced the nutrient uptake. The plants grown in the 50/50 and 25/75 growing media had the best Cu uptake when fertilized with N. When the plants grown in the wood fiber media and the 50/50 media were fertilized with N, N and N, the Mn content in the growing media at the end of the growing season was significantly lower than the Mn content in the media with conventional fertilization. Thus, nitrogen improved the uptake of Mn by the plants grown not only in the wood fiber, but also in the combinations with a peat substrate. Growing plants in wood fiber and fertilizing them with N can result in the optimum uptake of micronutrients. The number and biomass of cucumber fruits per plant were influenced by the amount of wood fiber in the growing media and the application of nitrogen fertilizer. The highest number of fruits and biomass of fruits per plant obtained were significantly higher when the cucumbers were grown in WF/PS 50/50 growing media with additional N fertilization.
泥炭基质由排水后的泥炭地中的泥炭制成，而泥炭是一种有限的资源。据实际估计，全球50%的湿地已经消失。泥炭被用于园艺，特别是温室蔬菜种植。泥炭地开发的后果是温室效应加剧和碳储量减少。木纤维可作为泥炭的替代品。由于生长介质体积小，且受种植容器限制，生长介质的化学性质会相互作用并持续变化。本研究旨在获取关于木纤维以及与泥炭基质混合后的碳化合物微生物降解过程中养分变化对植物所需养分含量和吸收影响的新知识。荷兰培育的黄瓜（L.）品种“Dirigent H”种植于泥炭基质和木纤维的生长介质中：（1）泥炭基质（PS）；（2）木纤维（WF）；（3）木纤维与泥炭基质比例为50/50（WF/PS 50/50）；（4）木纤维与泥炭基质比例为25/75（WF/PS 25/75）。施肥量如下：（1）常规施肥（CF）；（2）每株施氮13克（N）；（3）每株施氮23克（N）；（4）每株施氮30克（N）。实验进行了三次重复。随着木纤维用量增加，生长介质的湿度和pH值升高。不同氮用量对黄瓜的养分吸收有影响。在50/50和25/75生长介质中生长的植株在施氮时对铜的吸收最佳。当在木纤维介质和50/50介质中生长的植株分别施氮、氮和氮时，生长季末生长介质中的锰含量显著低于常规施肥介质中的锰含量。因此，氮不仅提高了在木纤维中生长的植株对锰的吸收，也提高了与泥炭基质混合介质中生长的植株对锰的吸收。在木纤维中种植植物并施氮可实现微量营养素的最佳吸收。每株黄瓜果实数量和生物量受生长介质中木纤维用量和氮肥施用的影响。当黄瓜在WF/PS 50/50生长介质中种植并额外施氮时，每株获得的最高果实数量和果实生物量显著更高。
