Siangliw Jonaliza L, Ruangsiri Mathurada, Theerawitaya Cattarin, Cha-Um Suriyan, Poncheewin Wasin, Songtoasesakul Decha, Thunnom Burin, Ruanjaichon Vinitchan, Toojinda Theerayut
National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphangsaen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Oct 19;13(20):2932. doi: 10.3390/plants13202932.
Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is important for the growth and development of rice and is significant in reducing the costs of rice production. is involved in nitrate assimilation, and the alleles at position 21,759,092 on chromosome 10 clearly separate indica (Pathum Thani 1 (PTT1) and Homcholasit (HCS)) and japonica (Azucena and Leum Pua (LP)) rice varieties. Rice morphological and physiological traits were collected at three nitrogen levels (N0 = 0 kg ha, N7 = 43.75 kg ha, and N14 = 87.5 kg ha). Leaf and tiller numbers in PTT1 and HCS at N7 and N14 were two to three times higher than those at N0. At harvest, the biomass yield in PTT1 was the highest, while the total grain number in HCS was the maximum. The leaf widths and total chlorophyll contents (SPAD units) of Azucena and LP increased with nitrogen application as well as photosynthetic pigment parameters; for example, plant senescence reflectance indices (PSRIs), structure-insensitive pigment indices (SIPIs), and modified chlorophyll absorption ratio indices (MCARIs) were highly related in the japonica varieties. PTT1 and HCS, both carrying the A allele at , had better NUE than Azucena and LP with the G allele. HCS, overall, had better NUE than PTT1. The translation to grain yield of assimilates was remarkable in PTT1 and HCS compared with Azucena and LP. In addition, HCS converted biomass for a 75% higher yield than PTT1. The ability of HCS to produce high yields was achieved even at N7 nitrogen fertilization, manifesting efficient use of nitrogen.
氮素利用效率（NUE）对水稻的生长发育至关重要，对于降低水稻生产成本也具有重要意义。它参与硝酸盐同化过程，并且10号染色体上21,759,092位置的等位基因能够清晰地区分籼稻（巴吞他尼1号（PTT1）和宏乔拉西特（HCS））和粳稻（阿苏塞纳和亮普亚（LP））品种。在三种氮水平（N0 = 0千克/公顷，N7 = 43.75千克/公顷，N14 = 87.5千克/公顷）下收集了水稻的形态和生理性状。在N7和N14水平时，PTT1和HCS的叶片和分蘖数比N0水平时高出两到三倍。收获时，PTT1的生物量产量最高，而HCS的总粒数最多。阿苏塞纳和LP的叶片宽度和总叶绿素含量（SPAD单位）随着施氮量的增加而增加，光合色素参数也是如此；例如，粳稻品种中的植物衰老反射指数（PSRI）、结构不敏感色素指数（SIPI）和改良叶绿素吸收比指数（MCARI）高度相关。在该位置携带A等位基因的PTT1和HCS比携带G等位基因的阿苏塞纳和LP具有更好的氮素利用效率。总体而言，HCS的氮素利用效率比PTT1更好。与阿苏塞纳和LP相比，PTT1和HCS中同化物向籽粒产量的转化更为显著。此外，HCS将生物量转化为产量的能力比PTT1高75%。即使在N7氮肥水平下，HCS也能实现高产，表明其对氮的高效利用。
