Zhou Weimian, Yang Qun, Tao Sixuan, Cui Jin, Zhu Jie, Zhou Siyu, Li Ruimiao, Su Juan, Zhang Ning, Xu Lihui, Pan Hong, Wang Jiping
School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.
Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products (Wuhan Textile University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430200, China.
Molecules. 2024 Oct 18;29(20):4944. doi: 10.3390/molecules29204944.
Thermochromic textiles possess the capability to indicate ambient temperature through color changes, enabling real-time temperature monitoring and providing temperature warnings for body heat management. In this study, three thermochromic dyes-blue, red, and yellow-were synthesized using crystalline violet lactone (CVL), 6'-(diethylamino)-1',3'-dimethyl-fluoran (DDF), and 3',6'-dimethoxyfluoran (DOF) as leuco dyes, respectively, with biomass tea polyphenol serving as the color developer and tetradecanol as the phase change material. The chemical structures of these dyes were characterized using UV spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and H NMR. The thermochromic mechanisms were investigated, revealing that the binding bonds between the leuco dyes and the color developer broke and reorganized with temperature changes, imparting reversible thermochromic property. Polyester fabrics were dyed using an impregnation method to produce three reversible thermochromic fabrics in blue, red, and yellow. The structure and properties of these fabrics were analyzed, showing a significant increase in the UPF value from 26.3 to approximately 100, indicating enhanced UV resistance. Water contact angle measurements revealed that the contact angle of undyed polyester fabrics was 139°, while that of dyed polyester fabrics decreased by about 40°, indicating improved hydrophilicity. Additionally, the fabric inductive static tester showed that the static voltage half-life of dyed polyester fabric was less than 1 s, demonstrating a significant antistatic effect. Infrared thermal imaging results indicated that during the warming and cooling process, the thermochromic polyester fabric exhibited specific energy storage and insulation effects at 38 °C, close to the human body temperature. This study presented a novel approach to developing smart color-changing textiles using biomass-derived thermochromic dyes, offering diverse materials for personal thermal management, and intelligent insulation applications.
热致变色纺织品具有通过颜色变化指示环境温度的能力，能够进行实时温度监测并为体温管理提供温度预警。在本研究中，分别以结晶紫内酯（CVL）、6'-（二乙氨基）-1'，3'-二甲基荧烷（DDF）和3'，6'-二甲氧基荧烷（DOF）作为无色染料，生物质茶多酚作为显色剂，十四醇作为相变材料，合成了三种热致变色染料——蓝色、红色和黄色。使用紫外光谱、红外光谱、拉曼光谱和核磁共振氢谱对这些染料的化学结构进行了表征。对热致变色机理进行了研究，结果表明无色染料与显色剂之间的结合键随温度变化而断裂并重新排列，赋予了可逆热致变色性能。采用浸渍法对聚酯织物进行染色，制备出蓝色、红色和黄色三种可逆热致变色织物。对这些织物的结构和性能进行了分析，结果表明其紫外线防护系数（UPF）值从26.3显著提高到约100，表明抗紫外线能力增强。水接触角测量结果显示，未染色聚酯织物的接触角为139°，而染色聚酯织物的接触角降低了约40°，表明亲水性得到改善。此外，织物感应静电测试仪显示，染色聚酯织物的静电电压半衰期小于1 s，显示出显著的抗静电效果。红外热成像结果表明，在升温及降温过程中，热致变色聚酯织物在接近人体体温的38℃时表现出特定的储能和隔热效果。本研究提出了一种利用生物质衍生热致变色染料开发智能变色纺织品的新方法，为个人体温管理和智能隔热应用提供了多种材料。
