Shu Xiong, Li Yongjing, Yang Bowen, Wang Qiong, Punyawudho Konlayutt
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vehicle Power and Transmission System, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Molecules. 2024 Oct 20;29(20):4963. doi: 10.3390/molecules29204963.
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to the abundant availability of sodium, lower costs, and comparable electrochemical performance characteristics. A thorough understanding of their performance features is essential for the widespread adoption and application of SIBs. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the output characteristics and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) features of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) under various states. The research results show that, unlike conventional lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, SIBs exhibit a strong linear relationship between state of charge (SOC) and open-circuit voltage (OCV) across various SOC and temperature conditions. Additionally, the discharge capacity of the battery remains relatively stable within a temperature range of 15 °C to 35 °C; when the temperatures are outside this range, the available capacity of the sodium-ion battery reduces significantly. Moreover, the EIS profiles in the high-frequency region are predominantly influenced by the ohmic internal resistance, which remains largely unaffected by SOC variations. In contrast, the low-frequency region demonstrates a significant correlation between SOC and impedance, with higher SOC values resulting in reduced impedance, indicated by smaller semicircle radii in the EIS curves. This finds highlights that EIS profiling can effectively monitor SOC and state of health (SOH) in SIBs, offering a clear correlation between impedance parameters and the battery's operational state. The research not only advances our understanding of the electrochemical properties of SIBs but also provides a valuable reference for the design and application of sodium-ion battery systems in various scenarios.
钠离子电池（SIBs）由于钠资源丰富、成本较低且具有可比的电化学性能特征，已成为锂离子电池（LIBs）的一种有前景的替代品。深入了解其性能特征对于SIBs的广泛采用和应用至关重要。因此，在本研究中，我们研究了钠离子电池（SIBs）在各种状态下的输出特性和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）特征。研究结果表明，与传统的磷酸铁锂（LFP）电池不同，SIBs在各种荷电状态（SOC）和温度条件下，荷电状态（SOC）与开路电压（OCV）之间呈现出很强的线性关系。此外，电池的放电容量在15℃至35℃的温度范围内保持相对稳定；当温度超出此范围时，钠离子电池的可用容量会显著降低。此外，高频区域的EIS曲线主要受欧姆内阻影响，其在很大程度上不受SOC变化的影响。相比之下，低频区域显示出SOC与阻抗之间存在显著相关性，SOC值越高，阻抗越小，EIS曲线中的半圆半径越小。这一发现突出表明，EIS分析可以有效地监测SIBs中的SOC和健康状态（SOH），在阻抗参数与电池运行状态之间提供了明确的相关性。该研究不仅增进了我们对SIBs电化学性质的理解，还为钠离子电池系统在各种场景中的设计和应用提供了有价值的参考。
