Martonos Cristian Olimpiu, Gudea Alexandru Ion, Little William Brady, Stan Florin Gheorghe, Lațiu Călin, Bolfa Pompei, Dezdrobitu Cristian Constantin
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre P.O. Box 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Life (Basel). 2024 Oct 12;14(10):1295. doi: 10.3390/life14101295.
This paper presents a detailed gross description of all anatomical elements of the humerus in the African green monkey and provides comparative and differential elements on monkey osteology. The osteometric investigation adds value to the gross morphological investigation, adjoining metric data to the gross descriptive data set. An in-depth investigation of the microstructural aspects of the humeral bone tissue is provided, with qualitative and quantitative details and potential for diagnostic applications. Of the gross morphological elements described, several unique features specific to this species include the humeral head shape that presents with distinctive low convexity and caudal placement, the shape of the intertubercular groove, the less developed greater tubercle, and the disposition of the rotator cuff muscle insertion. Furthermore, the overall cranio-lateral curvature of the bone shaft was found to have a distinctive 154-155 degree of angulation of the diaphysis, and the well-developed medial epicondyle was observed with its distinctive medio-caudal retroflexion. The histological investigation was more indicative of a typical non-primate organization of the bone tissue, with laminar vascular and avascular structures combined with the presence of the secondary Haversian system involving a mixture of scattered and dense unorganized secondary osteonal structures. The histomorphometric investigation yielded metrical data for the secondary osteonal structures in terms of area (20,331 ± 5105 µm), perimeter, and vascular canal area (64,769 ± 257 µm).
本文详细描述了非洲绿猴肱骨的所有解剖学元素，并提供了关于猴类骨学的比较和鉴别元素。骨测量研究为大体形态学研究增添了价值，将测量数据与大体描述数据集相结合。本文对肱骨头骨组织的微观结构方面进行了深入研究，提供了定性和定量细节以及诊断应用潜力。在所描述的大体形态学元素中，该物种特有的几个独特特征包括：肱骨头形状呈现出独特的低凸度和尾侧位置、结节间沟的形状、发育较差的大结节以及肩袖肌插入的位置。此外，发现骨干的整体颅外侧曲率具有独特的154 - 155度骨干角，并且观察到发育良好的内侧髁，其具有独特的内侧 - 尾侧后屈。组织学研究更表明骨组织具有典型的非灵长类组织特征，具有层状血管和无血管结构，以及涉及分散和密集无组织次生骨单位结构混合的次生哈弗斯系统的存在。组织形态计量学研究得出了次生骨单位结构的面积（20,331 ± 5105 µm）、周长和血管管腔面积（64,769 ± 257 µm）的测量数据。
