Good D C, Frank S, Verhulst S, Sharma B
Stroke. 1986 Jan-Feb;17(1):6-11. doi: 10.1161/01.str.17.1.6.
Sixty-five consecutive patients with recent unequivocal TIA (33) or stroke (32), but nondiagnostic arteriograms, had two-dimensional echocardiograms (2DE) and electrocardiograms (ECG) to determine the incidence of cardiac abnormalities which could cause embolic stroke. Abnormalities were classified according to increasing probability of causing an embolic event: non-specific, possible emboligenic abnormality (PEA) or definite emboligenic abnormality (EA). Although 2DE was abnormal in 33 patients (51%), and ECG in 38 (59%), many abnormalities were nonspecific. Only four patients (6%) had EA on ECG and two (3%) on 2DE. Since one patient had EA on both tests, 2DE identified only one patient (mitral valve prolapse) not already identified by ECG. All patients with EA had a prior history of cardiac disease. PEA was present on ECG in 11 patients (17%), and on 2DE in 25 (38%). There was no correlation between age, CT results, or neurologic symptoms commonly associated with embolic stroke and the presence of EA or PEA on ECG or 2DE. Although TIA and stroke patients with negative arteriograms have a high incidence of abnormalities on ECG and 2DE, the percentage of patients with EA is low, and cardiac history and ECG identify most patients. 2DE provides little additional information.
连续65例近期发生明确短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）（33例）或中风（32例）但血管造影未确诊的患者，接受了二维超声心动图（2DE）和心电图（ECG）检查，以确定可能导致栓塞性中风的心脏异常的发生率。异常情况根据导致栓塞事件的可能性增加进行分类：非特异性、可能的致栓异常（PEA）或明确的致栓异常（EA）。尽管33例患者（51%）的2DE异常，38例患者（59%）的ECG异常，但许多异常是非特异性的。只有4例患者（6%）的ECG显示有EA，2例患者（3%）的2DE显示有EA。由于1例患者在两项检查中均显示有EA，2DE仅识别出1例ECG未识别出的患者（二尖瓣脱垂）。所有有EA的患者都有心脏病史。11例患者（17%）的ECG显示有PEA，25例患者（38%）的2DE显示有PEA。年龄、CT结果或与栓塞性中风常见相关的神经症状与ECG或2DE上EA或PEA的存在之间没有相关性。尽管血管造影阴性的TIA和中风患者ECG和2DE异常的发生率很高，但有EA的患者比例较低，心脏病史和ECG可识别出大多数患者。2DE几乎没有提供额外信息。
