Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Morrison Center 143, 4240 Fair Street, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Viruses. 2024 Sep 30;16(10):1546. doi: 10.3390/v16101546.
Lectins are a class of carbohydrate-binding proteins that may have antiviral activity by binding to the glycans on the virion surface to interfere with viral entry. We have identified a novel lectin (named Shictin) from Shiitake mushroom ()-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles (VLNs, or exosomes) that exhibits strong activity against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant with an IC value of 87 nM. Shictin contains 298 amino acids and consists of two unique domains (N-terminal and C-terminal domain). The N-terminal domain is the carbohydrate-binding domain (CBD) that is homologous with CBDs of other lectins, suggesting that Shictin inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection by binding to the glycans on the virion surface to prevent viral entry. This finding demonstrates that exosomes of vegetables are a valuable source for the identification of antiviral lectins. Therefore, it is believed that lectins from vegetable VLNs have potential as antiviral therapeutic agents.
凝集素是一类糖结合蛋白，通过与病毒表面的聚糖结合来干扰病毒进入，从而可能具有抗病毒活性。我们从香菇衍生的囊泡样纳米颗粒（VLN，即外泌体）中鉴定出一种新型凝集素（命名为 Shictin），对 SARS-CoV-2 奥密克戎变异株具有很强的活性，IC 值为 87 nM。Shictin 含有 298 个氨基酸，由两个独特的结构域（N 端和 C 端结构域）组成。N 端结构域是碳水化合物结合结构域（CBD），与其他凝集素的 CBD 同源，表明 Shictin 通过与病毒表面的聚糖结合来抑制 SARS-CoV-2 感染，从而阻止病毒进入。这一发现表明蔬菜外泌体是鉴定抗病毒凝集素的有价值来源。因此，人们认为蔬菜 VLN 中的凝集素具有作为抗病毒治疗剂的潜力。
