Zhang Qiang, Huang Hao, Yang Yingying, Wang Min, Qu Shujie, Lan Zhineng, Jiang Tongtong, Wang Zhiwei, Du Shuxian, Lu Yi, Suo Yi, Cui Peng, Li Meicheng
State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Dec;36(50):e2410390. doi: 10.1002/adma.202410390. Epub 2024 Oct 25.
Surface passivation is a vital approach to improve the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), in which the passivator solvent is an inevitable but easy-ignored factor on passivation effects. Herein, a universal ternary solvent system of surface passivators is proposed through comprehensively considering the solubility and selective perovskite dissolution of the solvent to maximize the passivation effect. Tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide (THTO) is selected as the passivation promoter by comparing the binding energy with perovskite and the ability to distort the perovskite lattice among various aprotic polar solvent molecules, which can facilitate the passivator's reaction with perovskite and achieve sufficient passivation on perovskite surface. Besides, chlorobenzene (CB) is used as the diluting agent to minimize the amount of isopropanol (IPA), inhibiting the additional solvent-induced defects. As a result, the planar PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.05%, (certificated 25.66%). Besides, the unencapsulated devices exhibit enhanced stability, which can maintain 95.23% and 95.68% of their initial PCE after 2000 h of storage in ambient air and 800 h of light-soaking in N-glovebox. Moreover, this ternary solvent system also exhibits a well applicability and reliability in different passivator such as PEAI, BAI, and so on.
表面钝化是提高钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）光伏性能的关键方法，其中钝化剂溶剂是影响钝化效果的一个不可避免但容易被忽视的因素。在此，通过综合考虑溶剂的溶解度和对钙钛矿的选择性溶解，提出了一种通用的表面钝化剂三元溶剂体系，以最大限度地提高钝化效果。通过比较各种非质子极性溶剂分子与钙钛矿的结合能以及扭曲钙钛矿晶格的能力，选择四氢噻吩1-氧化物（THTO）作为钝化促进剂，它可以促进钝化剂与钙钛矿的反应，并在钙钛矿表面实现充分的钝化。此外，使用氯苯（CB）作为稀释剂，以尽量减少异丙醇（IPA）的用量，抑制额外的溶剂诱导缺陷。结果，平面PSC的功率转换效率（PCE）达到26.05%（认证值为25.66%）。此外，未封装的器件稳定性增强，在环境空气中储存2000小时和在N手套箱中光照800小时后，其初始PCE分别保持在95.23%和95.68%。此外，这种三元溶剂体系在不同的钝化剂如PEAI、BAI等中也表现出良好的适用性和可靠性。
