Xin Min, Ghani Ihtesham, Zhang Yu, Gao Huaxi, Khan Danish, Yang Xin, Tang Zeguo
School of Energy and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Juxian Road 768, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China.
The College of New Materials and New Energies, Shenzhen Technology University, Lantian Road 3002, Pingshan, Shenzhen 518118, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 May 6;15(9):699. doi: 10.3390/nano15090699.
Addressing the critical challenges of interfacial defects and insufficient stability in perovskite solar cells, this work introduces a co-solvent engineering strategy to dynamically regulate the phenethylammonium chloride (PEACl) passivation layer. The effect of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and a DMSO: IPA (1:100) mixture as solvent for forming the PEACl 2D passivation layer is systematically explored, and the synergistic interplay between solvent coordination strength and crystallization kinetics is systematically investigated. The DMSO: IPA (1:100) blend balances Pb-O coordination (via DMSO) and rapid phase separation (via IPA), enabling the oriented growth of a dense, ultrathin 2D perovskite overlayer. This suppresses defect density (electron traps reduced to 1.68 × 10 cm) and extends carrier lifetime, yielding a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.27%-a significant improvement over the control (22.73%). For the first time, we establish a dual-parameter "solvent coordination-crystallization kinetics" model, providing a universal framework for designing environmentally benign solvent systems and advancing the industrial scalability of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
针对钙钛矿太阳能电池中界面缺陷和稳定性不足的关键挑战，本工作引入了一种共溶剂工程策略来动态调控苯乙氯化铵（PEACl）钝化层。系统地探究了异丙醇（IPA）以及二甲基亚砜与IPA（1:100）的混合物作为形成PEACl二维钝化层的溶剂的效果，并系统地研究了溶剂配位强度与结晶动力学之间的协同相互作用。二甲基亚砜与IPA（1:100）的混合物平衡了Pb-O配位（通过二甲基亚砜）和快速相分离（通过IPA），使得致密、超薄的二维钙钛矿覆盖层能够定向生长。这抑制了缺陷密度（电子陷阱减少至1.68×10 cm）并延长了载流子寿命，产生了24.27%的最佳功率转换效率（PCE）——相较于对照（22.73%）有显著提高。我们首次建立了双参数“溶剂配位-结晶动力学”模型，为设计环境友好型溶剂体系以及推动高性能钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的工业可扩展性提供了一个通用框架。
