Parsons C L
Urology. 1986 Feb;27(2 Suppl):9-14.
A series of experiments has indicated that the bladder surface is lined with a sulfated polysaccharide that is capable of acting as a nonspecific antiadherence factor. It is capable of preventing the interaction of the transitional cells with many substances in urine, including bacteria, calcium, protein, and potential carcinogens. This interface of urine and transitional epithelium may be clinically important in many urologic disease states, since a malfunction of this layer could be involved in a spectrum of urologic diseases that includes irritable bladder syndromes (e.g., detrusor instability, interstitial cystitis, urethritis, radiation cystitis, cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis), carcinoma in situ, calculus disease, infections, and even carcinogenesis. It is important to point out that these investigations have shown that the natural surface mucus can be replaced by any of several substitutes that are as capable of preventing adherence as the natural glycosaminoglycans. One such substance, pentosanpolysulfate, is available in an oral form that is excreted in urine. To date, it has been used to successfully treat one disease of the urinary bladder, interstitial cystitis.
一系列实验表明，膀胱表面衬有硫酸化多糖，该多糖能够作为一种非特异性抗黏附因子发挥作用。它能够阻止移行细胞与尿液中的多种物质相互作用，这些物质包括细菌、钙、蛋白质和潜在致癌物。尿液与移行上皮的这种界面在许多泌尿系统疾病状态下可能具有临床重要性，因为这一层的功能障碍可能与一系列泌尿系统疾病有关，这些疾病包括膀胱过度活动症（如逼尿肌不稳定、间质性膀胱炎、尿道炎、放射性膀胱炎、环磷酰胺诱导的膀胱炎）、原位癌、结石病、感染，甚至致癌作用。需要指出的是，这些研究表明，天然表面黏液可以被几种替代品中的任何一种所替代，这些替代品与天然糖胺聚糖一样能够防止黏附。一种这样的物质，聚多卡醇硫酸酯，有口服剂型，经尿液排泄。迄今为止，它已成功用于治疗一种膀胱疾病，即间质性膀胱炎。
