Li Luxi, Hu Liying, Gao Fei, Shi Yu, Chen Chen, Zhu Xiuqing, Liu Juping, Li Xiaorong
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251 Fukang Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300392, China.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251 Fukang Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300392, China.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2024 Dec;50:104385. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104385. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence, associated risk factors, and the influence of urbanization on the epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME).
This study utilized a cross-sectional design to survey residents aged 50 and older in the Beichen community, Tianjin. Participants underwent thorough examinations, including questionnaire surveys, laboratory blood tests, eye assessments, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. DR was diagnosed using the retinopathy severity scale from fundus photographs based on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) classification system. DME was identified through medical history records and OCT evaluations. In this study, we analyzed and assessed the prevalence and risk factors associated with DR and DME.
The study included 5,648 participants, and 1,182 of these were diagnosed with diabetes. Among the diabetic individuals, the prevalence of DR was 28.8%. Among the eyes of those diagnosed with DR, 37.12% had mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), 54.81% had moderate NPDR, 6.35% (33 eyes) showed severe NPDR, and 1.73% had proliferative DR (PDR). The prevalence of DME among diabetic patients was 14.13%. Age was negatively correlated with DR (OR, 0.924), while blood glucose levels (OR, 1.123) and the duration of diabetes (OR, 1.090) were positively correlated. Additionally, blood glucose levels (OR, 1.121) and the duration of diabetes (OR, 1.070) were positively associated with DME.
In this study, the prevalence of DR and DME was high in the Beichen District of Tianjin than in other parts of China. Maintaining effective glycemic control is the most important modifiable factor in reducing the risk of DR and DME progression and minimizing the risk of vision loss.
本研究旨在探讨糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）和糖尿病性黄斑水肿（DME）的患病率、相关危险因素以及城市化对其流行病学的影响。
本研究采用横断面设计，对天津市北辰社区50岁及以上居民进行调查。参与者接受了全面检查，包括问卷调查、实验室血液检测、眼部评估、眼底照相和光学相干断层扫描（OCT）。根据早期糖尿病视网膜病变研究（ETDRS）分类系统，通过眼底照片的视网膜病变严重程度量表诊断DR。通过病史记录和OCT评估确定DME。在本研究中，我们分析并评估了DR和DME的患病率及相关危险因素。
该研究纳入5648名参与者，其中1182人被诊断患有糖尿病。在糖尿病患者中，DR的患病率为28.8%。在被诊断患有DR的患者眼中，37.12%为轻度非增殖性DR（NPDR），54.81%为中度NPDR，6.35%（33只眼）为重度NPDR，1.73%为增殖性DR（PDR）。糖尿病患者中DME的患病率为14.13%。年龄与DR呈负相关（OR，0.924），而血糖水平（OR，1.123）和糖尿病病程（OR，1.090）呈正相关。此外，血糖水平（OR，1.121）和糖尿病病程（OR，1.070）与DME呈正相关。
在本研究中，天津市北辰区DR和DME的患病率高于中国其他地区。维持有效的血糖控制是降低DR和DME进展风险以及将视力丧失风险降至最低的最重要可改变因素。
