Rao Merugu Chandra Surya, Rahul Vadlamudi Dinesh, Uppar Pandu, Madhuri Marpu Lakshmi, Tripathy Barsha, Vyas Ryali Devi Veda, Swami Dokka Venkata, Raju Sirivuru Srinivasa
Department of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Horticulture, NS College of Horticultural Sciences, Markapur, Ongole, India.
J Basic Microbiol. 2025 Apr;65(4):e2400529. doi: 10.1002/jobm.202400529. Epub 2024 Oct 27.
Heavy metal pollution has become a significant concern as the world continues to industrialize, urbanize, and modernize. Heavy metal pollutants impede the growth and metabolism of plants. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals in plants may create chlorophyll antagonism, oxidative stress, underdeveloped plant growth, and reduced photosynthetic system. Finding practical solutions to protect the environment and plants from the toxic effects of heavy metals is essential for long-term sustainable development. The direct use of suitable living plants for eliminating and degrading metal pollutants from ecosystems is known as phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is a novel and promising way to remove toxic heavy metals. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can colonize plant roots and help promote their growth. Numerous variables, such as plant biomass yield, resistance to metal toxicity, and heavy metal solubility in the soil, affect the rate of phytoremediation. Phytoremediation using the PGPR consortium can speed up the process and increase the rate of heavy metal detoxification. The PGPR consortium has significantly increased the biological accumulation of various nutrients and heavy metals. This review sheds light on the mechanisms that allow plants to uptake and sequester toxic heavy metals to improve soil detoxification. The present review aids the understanding of eco-physiological mechanisms that drive plant-microbe interactions in the heavy metal-stressed environment.
随着世界持续工业化、城市化和现代化，重金属污染已成为一个重大问题。重金属污染物会阻碍植物的生长和新陈代谢。植物中重金属的生物积累可能会导致叶绿素拮抗、氧化应激、植物生长发育不良以及光合系统受损。找到切实可行的解决方案来保护环境和植物免受重金属的毒性影响，对于长期可持续发展至关重要。直接利用合适的活体植物从生态系统中去除和降解金属污染物的方法被称为植物修复。植物修复是一种去除有毒重金属的新颖且有前景的方法。植物促生根际细菌（PGPR）可以定殖在植物根部并促进其生长。许多变量，如植物生物量产量、对金属毒性的抗性以及土壤中重金属的溶解度，都会影响植物修复的速率。使用PGPR联合体进行植物修复可以加快这一过程并提高重金属解毒速率。PGPR联合体显著增加了各种养分和重金属的生物积累。本综述揭示了植物吸收和隔离有毒重金属以改善土壤解毒的机制。本综述有助于理解在重金属胁迫环境中驱动植物 - 微生物相互作用的生态生理机制。
