Ivester Kathleen M, Ni Ji-Qin, Couetil Laurent L, Peters Thomas M, Tatum Marcus, Willems Lynn, Park Jae Hong
College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Equine Vet J. 2025 Jul;57(4):1065-1073. doi: 10.1111/evj.14425. Epub 2024 Oct 27.
Affordable particulate matter (PM) monitors suitable for use on horses will facilitate the evaluation of PM mitigation methods and improve the management of equine asthma.
Calibrate a real-time wearable PM monitor (Black Beauty [BB]) and compare the PM exposures of horses fed dry or soaked hay.
Laboratory calibration; complete cross-over feed trial.
Side-by-side sampling with BB monitors and tapered element oscillating microbalances (TEOMs) was performed under varying concentrations of PM from alfalfa hay. Linear regression was used to derive a calibration formula for each unit based on TEOM PM measurements. Precision was evaluated by calculating the coefficient of variation and pairwise correlation coefficients between three BB monitors. PM exposure was measured at the breathing zone of 10 horses for 8 h after they were fed dry or soaked hay. Repeated measures generalised linear models were constructed to determine the effect of hay treatment and measurement duration (initial 20-min vs. 8-h) upon exposure to PM with diameters smaller than or equal to 10 μm (PM) and 2.5 μm (PM).
BB monitor PM and PM measurements were linearly correlated with TEOM data (coefficient of determination r > 0.85 and r > 0.90 respectively), but underestimated PM mass concentrations by a factor of 4 and PM concentrations by a factor of 44. Measures from the three BB monitors had a coefficient of variation <15% and pairwise r > 0.98. Feeding soaked hay significantly reduced average PM exposures (20-min: dry: 160 μg/m, soaked: 53 μg/m, p < 0.0001; 8-h: dry: 76 μg/m, soaked: 31 μg/m, p = 0.0008) and PM10 exposures (20-min: dry: 2829 μg/m, soaked: 970 μg/m, p < 0.0001; 8-h: dry: 1581 μg/m, soaked: 488 μg/m, p = 0.008).
No health outcome measures were collected.
With appropriate corrections, the BB monitor can be used to estimate horse PM exposure. While 20-min measurements yielded higher estimates of exposure than 8-h measurements, both intervals demonstrate that soaking hay reduces PM exposures by more than 50%.
适用于马匹的经济实惠的颗粒物（PM）监测仪将有助于评估PM缓解方法，并改善马哮喘的管理。
校准一种实时可穿戴的PM监测仪（黑美人[BB]），并比较喂食干苜蓿或湿苜蓿的马匹的PM暴露情况。
实验室校准；完全交叉喂养试验。
在来自苜蓿干草的不同浓度PM下，使用BB监测仪和锥形元件振荡微天平（TEOM）进行并排采样。基于TEOM的PM测量值，使用线性回归为每个装置推导校准公式。通过计算三个BB监测仪之间的变异系数和成对相关系数来评估精度。在10匹马喂食干苜蓿或湿苜蓿8小时后，在其呼吸区测量PM暴露。构建重复测量广义线性模型，以确定干草处理和测量持续时间（初始20分钟与8小时）对暴露于直径小于或等于10μm（PM）和2.5μm（PM）的PM的影响。
BB监测仪的PM和PM测量值与TEOM数据呈线性相关（决定系数r分别>0.85和r>0.90），但低估了PM质量浓度4倍和PM浓度44倍。三个BB监测仪的测量变异系数<15%，成对r>0.98。喂食湿苜蓿显著降低了平均PM暴露（20分钟：干苜蓿：160μg/m，湿苜蓿：53μg/m，p<0.0001；8小时：干苜蓿：76μg/m，湿苜蓿：31μg/m，p=0.0008）和PM10暴露（20分钟：干苜蓿：2829μg/m，湿苜蓿：970μg/m，p<0.0001；8小时：干苜蓿：1581μg/m，湿苜蓿：488μg/m，p=0.008）。
未收集健康结果指标。
经过适当校正后，BB监测仪可用于估计马匹的PM暴露。虽然20分钟测量的暴露估计值高于8小时测量值，但两个时间段均表明，浸泡苜蓿可使PM暴露降低50%以上。
