Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, 1111 E. Catherine Street, 231 Victor Vaughan Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2020 Dec;23(6):757-765. doi: 10.1007/s00737-020-01073-5. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
The aim of this study is to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women's anxiety and identify factors most strongly associated with greater changes in anxiety. An anonymous, online, survey of pregnant women (distributed April 3-24, 2020) included a modified pregnancy-related anxiety scale (PRAS) reflecting respondents' perception of pregnancy anxiety before COVID-19 and a current assessment of pregnancy-related anxiety. The difference between these scores was used as the outcome variable. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. Two thousand seven hundred forty pregnant women from 47 states completed the survey. 25.8% (N = 706) stopped in-person visits, 15.2% used video visits (N = 415), and 31.8% (N = 817) used phone visits for prenatal care as a result of COVID-19. Those planning a hospital birth dropped from 2641 (96.4%) to 2400 (87.7%) following COVID-19. More than half of women reported increased stress about food running out (59.2%, N = 1622), losing a job or household income (63.7%, N = 1745), or loss of childcare (56.3%, N = 1543). More than a third reported increasing stress about conflict between household members (37.5%, N = 1028), and 93% (N = 2556) reported increased stress about getting infected with COVID-19. Slightly less than half of respondents (either selves or family members) were healthcare workers (41.4%, N = 1133) or worked in essential services (45.5%, N = 1246). In multivariate analysis, those reporting higher agreement with COVID-19-related stressors had greater changes in pre- to post-COVID-19 pregnancy-related anxiety. The COVID-19 pandemic is profoundly affecting pregnant women's mental health, and factors independent of pregnancy appear to be driving changes in pregnancy-specific anxiety.
这项研究的目的是探讨 COVID-19 大流行对孕妇焦虑的影响，并确定与焦虑变化最相关的因素。一项针对孕妇的匿名在线调查（于 2020 年 4 月 3 日至 24 日分发）包括了一个改良的与妊娠相关的焦虑量表（PRAS），反映了受访者在 COVID-19 之前对妊娠焦虑的看法，以及当前对与妊娠相关的焦虑的评估。这些分数之间的差异被用作结果变量。使用双变量和多变量线性回归分析来分析数据。来自 47 个州的 2740 名孕妇完成了这项调查。由于 COVID-19，25.8%（N=706）的孕妇停止了面对面的就诊，15.2%（N=415）的孕妇使用了视频就诊，31.8%（N=817）的孕妇使用了电话就诊进行产前护理。在 COVID-19 之后，计划在医院分娩的孕妇从 2641 人（96.4%）下降到 2400 人（87.7%）。超过一半的女性报告说，对食物短缺（59.2%，N=1622）、失业或家庭收入减少（63.7%，N=1745）或失去儿童保育（56.3%，N=1543）的压力更大。超过三分之一的人报告说，家庭成员之间的冲突（37.5%，N=1028）和感染 COVID-19（93%，N=2556）的压力更大。不到一半的受访者（自己或家庭成员）是医疗保健工作者（41.4%，N=1133）或从事基本服务工作（45.5%，N=1246）。在多变量分析中，那些报告与 COVID-19 相关的压力源的认同度更高的人，其在 COVID-19 前后与妊娠相关的焦虑变化更大。COVID-19 大流行正在深刻影响孕妇的心理健康，而与妊娠无关的因素似乎正在推动与妊娠相关的焦虑变化。
