Pinto Sharon, Al Lawati Hadia, Al Raisi Marwa, Maawali Balqees Al
Primary Healthcare, Ministry of Health, Muscat, OMN.
Medicine, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, GBR.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 25;16(10):e72385. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72385. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Background Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increase the risk of pneumonia secondary to PPI-induced hypochlorhydria. We aim to investigate the association between PPI and disease severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive patients and the risk of hospitalizations in Muscat, Oman. Methodology COVID-19-positive patients aged 18 years and above at the time of diagnosis were included in this retrospective observational study. The details of the patients were retrieved from the electronic health records of the Al Shifa Hospital Information Management System and Tarassud. The composite primary endpoint was COVID-19 admission to a government tertiary hospital ward or intensive care within 14 days of diagnosis. Results A total of 506 COVID-19-positive patients were identified during the specified period. The mean age was 44 ± 15 years. The majority of the patients were Omani, and a female preponderance was observed. Overall, 104 (20.4%) patients were current PPI users. Admission due to COVID-19 was significantly associated with the presence of comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001), hypertension (p = 0.001), and chronic kidney disease (p < 0.001). However, current PPI use (p = 0.140) was not significantly associated with an increased risk of hospitalization. Conclusions This data suggests that the use of PPIs during COVID-19 infection did not increase the risk of severe COVID-19 infection and poor outcomes leading to hospitalization in Muscat, Oman. However, the presence of other medical comorbidities, such as diabetes and hypertension, was associated with a higher risk of adverse clinical symptoms that resulted in hospitalization.
背景 质子泵抑制剂（PPI）会增加因PPI引起的胃酸过少继发肺炎的风险。我们旨在调查阿曼马斯喀特地区新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）阳性患者中PPI与疾病严重程度之间的关联以及住院风险。方法 本回顾性观察研究纳入了诊断时年龄在18岁及以上的COVID-19阳性患者。患者的详细信息从Al Shifa医院信息管理系统和Tarassud的电子健康记录中获取。复合主要终点是在诊断后14天内COVID-19入住政府三级医院病房或重症监护室。结果 在指定期间共确定了506例COVID-19阳性患者。平均年龄为44±15岁。大多数患者为阿曼人，且观察到女性占多数。总体而言，104例（20.4%）患者为当前PPI使用者。因COVID-19入院与糖尿病（p = 0.001）、高血压（p = 0.001）和慢性肾脏病（p < 0.001）等合并症显著相关。然而，当前使用PPI（p = 0.140）与住院风险增加无显著关联。结论 该数据表明，在阿曼马斯喀特地区，COVID-19感染期间使用PPI不会增加严重COVID-19感染的风险以及导致住院的不良结局风险。然而，糖尿病和高血压等其他合并症的存在与导致住院的不良临床症状的较高风险相关。
