Almayahi Zayid K, Raveendran A V, Al Malki Rashid, Safwat Amira, Al Baloshi Muradjan, Abbas Amal, Al Salami Ahmed S, Al Mujaini Sami M, Al Dhuhli Khalid, Al Mandhari Said
Disease Surveillance and Control Department, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 543, P.C 329 Rustaq, South Batinah Governorate Oman.
Internal Medicine Department, Bader Al Samaa Hospital, Barka, Oman.
Bull Natl Res Cent. 2022;46(1):139. doi: 10.1186/s42269-022-00825-w. Epub 2022 May 16.
The changing epidemiological profile of the COVID-19 pandemic and the uncertain clinical picture of patients characterise this ongoing and most challenging health event.
To report clinical features, laboratory characteristics, and mortality risk factors among COVID-19 patients admitted to a secondary hospital in Oman.
A retrospective study for the first 455 patients admitted with COVID-19 to Rustaq hospital from 12th April, 2020 to 27th September, 2020. A predesigned questionnaire collected data from the hospital medical electronic system.
The mean age was 42.84 (SD = 19.86) years, and the majority of patients were aged 30 to 59 and 60 or above; 207 (45.5%) and 189 (41.5%), respectively. Male patients constituted approximately two-thirds of the subjects. Fever, dyspnea and cough were the most common presenting symptoms (69%, 66%, and 62%, respectively), while comorbidities with diabetes mellitus and hypertension were 47% and 44%, respectively. Bacterial growth was identified at approximately 10%. Bivariate analysis turned out to be significant with a number of factors. However, multivariate analysis showed significance with patients aged over 60 (OR = 7.15, 95% CI 1.99-25.63), dyspnea (OR = 2.83, 95% CI 1.5-5.33), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.02-3.66) and being bed-ridden (OR = 5.01, 95% CI 1.73-14.44). Durations from onset of symptoms to admission and respiratory distress were lower among patients who died; = 0.024 and = 0.001, respectively. Urea, Troponin and LDH may act as potential diagnostic biomarkers for severity or mortality.
This study identified groups of patients with a higher risk of mortality, with severe disturbance in the laboratory markers while some could act as potential diagnostic biomarkers.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行不断变化的流行病学特征以及患者不确定的临床表现是这一持续且极具挑战性的健康事件的特点。
报告阿曼一家二级医院收治的COVID-19患者的临床特征、实验室检查特点及死亡风险因素。
对2020年4月12日至2020年9月27日首批入住鲁斯塔克医院的455例COVID-19患者进行回顾性研究。通过预先设计的问卷从医院医疗电子系统收集数据。
平均年龄为42.84（标准差=19.86）岁，大多数患者年龄在30至59岁以及60岁及以上，分别为207例（45.5%）和189例（41.5%）。男性患者约占研究对象的三分之二。发热、呼吸困难和咳嗽是最常见的首发症状（分别为69%、66%和62%），而合并糖尿病和高血压的比例分别为47%和44%。约10%的患者出现细菌生长。双变量分析显示多个因素具有显著性。然而，多变量分析显示60岁以上患者（比值比=7.15，95%置信区间1.99-25.63）、呼吸困难（比值比=2.83，95%置信区间1.5-5.×××）、血脂异常（比值比=1.93，95%置信区间1.02-3.66）和卧床不起（比值比=5.01，95%置信区间1.73-14.44）具有显著性。死亡患者从症状出现到入院和出现呼吸窘迫的时间较短，分别为P=0.024和P=0.001。尿素、肌钙蛋白和乳酸脱氢酶可能作为病情严重程度或死亡的潜在诊断生物标志物。
本研究确定了死亡风险较高的患者群体，其实验室指标严重紊乱，而一些指标可作为潜在的诊断生物标志物。
