Xie Yuqian, Wang Mingliang, Mo Beixin, Liang Chao
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Oct 10;15:1467236. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1467236. eCollection 2024.
The kinetochore complex, an important protein assembly situated on the centromere, plays a pivotal role in chromosome segregation during cell division. Like in animals and fungi, the plant kinetochore complex is important for maintaining chromosome stability, regulating microtubule attachment, executing error correction mechanisms, and participating in signaling pathways to ensure accurate chromosome segregation. This review summarizes the composition, function, and regulation of the plant kinetochore complex, emphasizing the interactions of kinetochore proteins with centromeric DNAs (cenDNAs) and RNAs (cenRNAs). Additionally, the applications of the centromeric histone H3 variant (the core kinetochore protein CENH3, first identified as CENP-A in mammals) in the generation of ploidy-variable plants and synthesis of plant artificial chromosomes (PACs) are discussed. The review serves as a comprehensive roadmap for researchers delving into plant kinetochore exploration, highlighting the potential of kinetochore proteins in driving technological innovations in synthetic genomics and plant biotechnology.
动粒复合体是位于着丝粒上的一种重要蛋白质组装体，在细胞分裂过程中的染色体分离中起关键作用。与动物和真菌一样，植物动粒复合体对于维持染色体稳定性、调节微管附着、执行纠错机制以及参与信号通路以确保准确的染色体分离至关重要。本文综述了植物动粒复合体的组成、功能和调控，重点强调了动粒蛋白与着丝粒DNA（cenDNA）和RNA（cenRNA）的相互作用。此外，还讨论了着丝粒组蛋白H3变体（核心动粒蛋白CENH3，在哺乳动物中首次被鉴定为CENP - A）在多倍体可变植物的产生和植物人工染色体（PAC）合成中的应用。这篇综述为深入研究植物动粒的研究人员提供了一份全面的路线图，突出了动粒蛋白在推动合成基因组学和植物生物技术技术创新方面的潜力。
