Abdul Manap Aimi Syamima, Ngwenya Faith Malambo, Kalai Selvan Meilarshny, Arni Syarafina, Hassan Fathimath Hishma, Mohd Rudy Ammar Danish, Abdul Razak Nurul Nadiah
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia.
Front Oncol. 2024 Oct 11;14:1459178. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1459178. eCollection 2024.
Lung cancer is frequently detected in an advanced stage and has an unfavourable prognosis. Conventional therapies are ineffective for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer. While certain molecular targets have been identified as having a positive response, the absence of appropriate drug carriers prevents their effective utilization. Lung cancer cell-derived exosomes (LCCDEs) have gained attention for their involvement in the development of cancer, as well as their potential for use in diagnosing, treating, and predicting the outcome of lung cancer. This is due to their biological roles and their inherent ability to transport biomolecules from the donor cells. Lung cancer-associated cell-derived extracellular vesicles (LCCDEVs) have the ability to enhance cell proliferation and metastasis, influence angiogenesis, regulate immune responses against tumours during the development of lung cancer, control drug resistance in lung cancer treatment, and are increasingly recognised as a crucial element in liquid biopsy evaluations for the detection of lung cancer. Therapeutic exosomes, which possess inherent intercellular communication capabilities, are increasingly recognised as effective vehicles for targeted drug delivery in precision medicine for tumours. This is due to their exceptional biocompatibility, minimal immunogenicity, low toxicity, prolonged circulation in the bloodstream, biodegradability, and ability to traverse different biological barriers. Currently, multiple studies are being conducted to create new means of diagnosing and predicting outcomes using LCCDEs, as well as to develop techniques for utilizing exosomes as effective carriers for medication delivery. This paper provides an overview of the current state of lung cancer and the wide range of applications of LCCDEs. The encouraging findings and technologies suggest that the utilization of LCCDEs holds promise for the clinical treatment of lung cancer patients.
肺癌常于晚期被发现，预后不佳。传统疗法对转移性肺癌的治疗无效。虽然已确定某些分子靶点有阳性反应，但缺乏合适的药物载体阻碍了它们的有效利用。肺癌细胞衍生外泌体（LCCDEs）因其在癌症发展中的作用以及在肺癌诊断、治疗和预后预测方面的潜力而受到关注。这是由于它们的生物学作用以及从供体细胞运输生物分子的内在能力。肺癌相关细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（LCCDEVs）能够增强细胞增殖和转移、影响血管生成、在肺癌发展过程中调节针对肿瘤的免疫反应、控制肺癌治疗中的耐药性，并且越来越被认为是液体活检评估中检测肺癌的关键要素。治疗性外泌体具有固有的细胞间通讯能力，越来越被认为是肿瘤精准医学中靶向药物递送的有效载体。这是由于它们具有出色的生物相容性、最小的免疫原性、低毒性、在血液中循环时间长、可生物降解以及能够穿越不同生物屏障的能力。目前，正在进行多项研究以创造使用LCCDEs进行诊断和预测结果的新方法，以及开发将外泌体用作药物递送有效载体的技术。本文概述了肺癌的现状以及LCCDEs的广泛应用。这些令人鼓舞的发现和技术表明，利用LCCDEs对肺癌患者的临床治疗具有前景。
