Vishniakov Dmitry, Turdumambetova Mairamkul, Matkerimova Nazgul, Dzhusupov Kenesh, Sultanbaeva Zildiz, Rafibekov Eldar
Department of Public Health, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Issyk-Kul Center for Disease Prevention and State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance, Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan.
Parasitology. 2024 Nov;151(13):1487-1495. doi: 10.1017/S0031182024001343.
The study aimed to assess the heterogeneity in the distribution of disease awareness, attitudes, and practices related to cystic echinococcosis (CE) in different subgroups and inform health authorities regionally and globally for future evidence-based tailored prevention practices in the region. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 242 participants from Kyrgyz Republic (KR), Issyk-Kul oblast, and utilized survey data to analyse demographics, household information, echinococcosis-related practices, and knowledge. Participants in high-risk environments (HRE) and engaging in high-risk behaviours (HRB) linked to CE contracting were identified. Out of 242 participants, 39% lived in HRE, with 22% engaging in HRB of contracting CE. 13% lived in HRE and engaged in HRB. Only 6% followed all preventive measures, while 56% followed some. 97.5% of participants had heard about CE, but only 6% identified all transmission routes, and 63.4% were unaware of dog contact as a route. Education reduced the odds of being in the highest risk group (HRE&HRB) (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.23–0.80). The study's findings are alarming, emphasizing factors contributing to regional endemicity. We anticipated a similar pattern in the neighbouring countries, given the shared nomadic customs and historical parallels. Examination of the heterogeneity of disease awareness and practices allows tailored prevention strategies. Urgent prevention programmes focusing on echinococcosis awareness in the KR are crucial to addressing challenges posed by nomadic habits.
该研究旨在评估不同亚组中与囊型包虫病（CE）相关的疾病认知、态度和行为分布的异质性，并为区域和全球卫生当局提供信息，以便未来在该地区开展基于证据的针对性预防措施。在吉尔吉斯共和国（KR）伊塞克湖州对242名参与者进行了一项横断面研究，并利用调查数据来分析人口统计学、家庭信息、包虫病相关行为和知识。确定了处于与感染CE相关的高风险环境（HRE）并从事高风险行为（HRB）的参与者。在242名参与者中，39%生活在高风险环境中，22%从事感染CE的高风险行为。13%生活在高风险环境中并从事高风险行为。只有6%的人遵循了所有预防措施，而56%的人遵循了一些措施。97.5%的参与者听说过CE，但只有6%的人识别出了所有传播途径，63.4%的人不知道与狗接触是一种传播途径。教育降低了处于最高风险组（HRE&HRB）的几率（OR 0.5，95%CI 0.23–0.80）。该研究的结果令人担忧，强调了导致该地区地方病流行的因素。鉴于共同的游牧习俗和历史相似性，我们预计邻国也会有类似模式。对疾病认知和行为的异质性进行研究有助于制定针对性的预防策略。在KR开展紧急预防项目，重点是提高对包虫病的认识，对于应对游牧习惯带来挑战至关重要。
