O'Brien Myles, Mayo Andrea, Theou Olga
School of Physiotherapy (Faculty of Health) and Department of Medicine (Faculty of Medicine), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Geriatric Medicine Research, Dalhousie University & Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, NS, Canada.
J Aging Phys Act. 2024 Oct 28;33(2):201-207. doi: 10.1123/japa.2023-0418. Print 2025 Apr 1.
Frailty is associated with increased hospitalization and mortality and may be exacerbated with physical inactivity. The COVID-19 pandemic has heterogeneously impacted peoples' physical activity level, but the impact on the frail population is unclear.
The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that higher frailty levels were associated with worse changes in physical activity, ability to move around the home, and do housework during the pandemic.
We included 23,303 Canadians (age: 69.1 ± 9.5 years, 53% females) who participated in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging COVID-19 Questionnaire study. Frailty prior to the pandemic (follow-up 1: 2015-2018) was measured via 52-item frailty index and grouped into 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and >0.20 scores. Participants were asked whether they changed their levels of physical activity, ability to move at home, and ability to do housework during the pandemic.
The average frailty level was 0.09 ± 0.06. Compared with the lowest frailty group, participants with frailty levels >0.20 reported worse physical activity (17% vs. 45%), worse ability to move at home (3% vs. 26%), and perform housework (3% vs. 27%). Covariate-adjusted logistic regression models demonstrated that higher frailty level was associated with a greater odds of reporting worse physical activity (reference: 0.00-0.05; odds ratio for frailty index >0.20:4.03, 95% confidence interval [3.33, 4.87]), worse ability to move in home (odds ratio = 11.16, 95% confidence interval [8.28, 15.03]), and worse ability doing housework (odds ratio = 12.58, 95% confidence interval [9.24, 17.13]).
The adverse changes in physical activity levels and ability to move at home among frail older adults during the pandemic document the need for strategies to help vulnerable populations move more.
衰弱与住院率和死亡率增加相关，且身体活动不足可能会加剧衰弱。新冠疫情对人们的身体活动水平产生了不同程度的影响，但对衰弱人群的影响尚不清楚。
本研究的目的是检验以下假设：在疫情期间，衰弱程度越高，身体活动、在家中活动能力和做家务能力的变化就越差。
我们纳入了23303名加拿大人（年龄：69.1±9.5岁，53%为女性），他们参与了加拿大老龄化纵向研究新冠问卷研究。通过52项衰弱指数测量疫情前（随访1：2015 - 2018年）的衰弱情况，并将其分为0.00 - 0.05、0.05 - 0.10、0.10 - 0.20和>0.20分数组。参与者被问及在疫情期间他们的身体活动水平、在家中活动能力和做家务能力是否发生了变化。
平均衰弱水平为0.09±0.06。与最低衰弱组相比，衰弱水平>0.20的参与者报告身体活动较差（17%对45%）、在家中活动能力较差（3%对26%）以及做家务能力较差（3%对27%）。协变量调整后的逻辑回归模型表明，较高的衰弱水平与报告身体活动较差的几率更高相关（参考：0.00 - 0.05；衰弱指数>0.20的优势比：4.03，95%置信区间[3.33, 4.87]）、在家中活动能力较差（优势比 = 11.16，95%置信区间[8.28, 15.03]）以及做家务能力较差（优势比 = 12.58，95%置信区间[9.24, 17.13]）。
疫情期间衰弱老年人的身体活动水平和在家中活动能力的不利变化表明需要采取策略来帮助弱势群体增加活动量。
