Department of Histology and Cytology, of NcJSC «Astana Medical University», Astana, Kazakhstan.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Oct 1;25(10):3559-3565. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.10.3559.
To evaluate the detectability of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1, 2) antigens in the esophageal mucosa in esophageal cancer.
A cross-sectional pilot study with a control group was conducted from December 2022 to May 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: the main group with verified esophageal cancer and the control group without esophageal cancer based on the histological report. Diagnosis using fibroesophagogastroscopy (FEGS), histological analysis, and indirect immunofluorescence reaction (iIFR) was accomplished according to indications at the outpatient center of the endoscopic department of the Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Astana. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric methods were used to analyze the data.
A total of 30 patients were recruited in the study, with 15 patients in the main group and 15 patients in the control group. HSV-1 and HSV-2 antigens were detected in the 13 cases (86.7%) during the study of biomaterial from patients with confirmed esophageal cancer in the main group and only in one case (6.8%) in the control group (95% CI 7.35 - 1126.9%, p=0.001). The presence of lymphocytic infiltration was detected in 13 cases (86.7%) in the main group and in 5 cases (33.3%) in the control group (95% CI 2.07 - 81.48%, p = 0.008). The process of keratinization was identified in HSV-1,2 antigens positive cases in the main group in 5 cases (35.7%) G1, in 5 cases (35.7%) G2, and in 3 cases (21.4 %) G3 (95% CI 1.66 - 656.23%, p=0.002).
Overall, the local activity of herpesvirus infection to a certain extent influences the malignant potential of tumor cells and the resistance of surrounding healthy tissues. A large-scale study is still needed to confirm these results. The present pilot study provided an overview of a possible method for detecting HSV-1,2 activity in malignant tissue from esophageal cancer.
评估单纯疱疹病毒 1 型和 2 型（HSV-1、2）抗原在食管癌食管黏膜中的检测能力。
这是一项 2022 年 12 月至 2023 年 5 月进行的具有对照组的横断面试点研究。患者根据组织学报告分为两组：主要组为经证实的食管癌患者，对照组为无食管癌患者。在多学科医疗中心内镜科门诊根据适应证进行纤维食管胃十二指肠镜检查（FEGS）、组织学分析和间接免疫荧光反应（iIFR）。采用描述性统计和非参数方法分析数据。
该研究共纳入 30 例患者，其中主要组 15 例，对照组 15 例。在主要组中，对 15 例经组织学证实的食管癌患者的生物材料进行研究，发现 13 例（86.7%）存在 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 抗原，而在对照组中仅 1 例（6.8%）存在 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 抗原（95%CI 7.35-1126.9%，p=0.001）。在主要组中，13 例（86.7%）患者存在淋巴细胞浸润，对照组中 5 例（33.3%）患者存在淋巴细胞浸润（95%CI 2.07-81.48%，p=0.008）。在 HSV-1、2 抗原阳性的主要组中，有 5 例（35.7%）G1、5 例（35.7%）G2 和 3 例（21.4%）G3 存在角化过程（95%CI 1.66-656.23%，p=0.002）。
总的来说，单纯疱疹病毒感染的局部活性在一定程度上影响肿瘤细胞的恶性潜能和周围健康组织的抵抗力。仍需要进行大规模研究来证实这些结果。本初步研究提供了一种在食管癌恶性组织中检测 HSV-1、2 活性的可能方法概述。
