Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK.
SAIL Databank, Population Data Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, Wales, UK.
Physiol Rep. 2024 Nov;12(21):e70101. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70101.
Spinal pain (SP) remains the leading cause of disability worldwide. The present study aimed to establish a current prevalence of SP and associated determinants in Wales by retrospectively analyzing data from the National Survey for Wales Dataset (NSWD). The NSWD is a large-scale cross-sectional, representative sample of adults across Wales, UK. A univariable and multivariable regression analysis was carried out on self-reported answers to health and well-being questions contained within the NSWD (2016-2020) to determine the strength of association of various determinants and comorbidities related to spinal pain. A total population of 38,954 of adults were included in the analysis. The study population included interview responses of 21,735 females and 17,219 males. The prevalence of SP in Wales was 4.95% (95% CI: 4.74%-5.15%) with a total of 847 males (4.92%, CI: 4.60%-5.24%) and 1082 females (4.98%, CI: 4.69%-5.27%) reporting spinal pain. The age group with the highest prevalence of SP was in the 70+ years age group for both males (5.44%, CI: 4.82%-6.07%) and females (5.95%, CI: 5.37%-6.54%). The strength of association between age and SP reaches its peak at 50-59 years with an adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) of 3.74 (p = <0.001), that decreases slightly at 60-69 years and 70+ years. For various comorbidities included in the NSWD, significant associations with SP were confirmed for: mental illness (aOR = 1.42, p = <0.001), migraine (aOR = 2.73, p = <0.001), nervous system issues (aOR = 1.61, p = <0.001), arthritis (aOR = 1.30, p = <0.001) and issues with bones/joints/muscles (aOR = 1.93, p = <0.001). For lifestyle factors, associations were confirmed for current smokers (aOR = 1.41, p = <0.001) and ex-smokers (aOR = 1.23, p = 0.003). This study demonstrates a low prevalence of SP in Wales when compared to global estimates and strong associations to a variety of determinants. This still represents a significant societal burden and these findings may help inform public health initiatives to encourage prevention and evidence-based interventional strategies and ultimately, improve the quality of life for those suffering with SP in Wales.
脊柱疼痛（SP）仍然是全球致残的主要原因。本研究旨在通过回顾性分析来自威尔士国家调查数据集（NSWD）的数据，确定威尔士 SP 的当前患病率和相关决定因素。NSWD 是英国威尔士成年人的一项大规模横断面、代表性样本。对 NSWD（2016-2020 年）中包含的健康和幸福感问题的自我报告答案进行了单变量和多变量回归分析，以确定与脊柱疼痛相关的各种决定因素和合并症的关联强度。共有 38954 名成年人纳入了分析。研究人群包括 21735 名女性和 17219 名男性的访谈回复。威尔士 SP 的患病率为 4.95%（95%CI：4.74%-5.15%），共有 847 名男性（4.92%，CI：4.60%-5.24%）和 1082 名女性（4.98%，CI：4.69%-5.27%）报告有脊柱疼痛。在男性（5.44%，CI：4.82%-6.07%）和女性（5.95%，CI：5.37%-6.54%）中，年龄组 SP 的患病率最高。与 SP 之间的关联强度在 50-59 岁年龄组达到峰值，调整后的优势比（aOR）为 3.74（p<0.001），在 60-69 岁和 70 岁以上年龄组略有下降。对于 NSWD 中包含的各种合并症，与 SP 存在显著关联的有：精神疾病（aOR=1.42，p<0.001）、偏头痛（aOR=2.73，p<0.001）、神经系统问题（aOR=1.61，p<0.001）、关节炎（aOR=1.30，p<0.001）和骨骼/关节/肌肉问题（aOR=1.93，p<0.001）。对于生活方式因素，目前吸烟者（aOR=1.41，p<0.001）和前吸烟者（aOR=1.23，p=0.003）的关联得到证实。本研究表明，威尔士的 SP 患病率与全球估计值相比较低，与多种决定因素有很强的关联。这仍然代表着一个重大的社会负担，这些发现可能有助于为公共卫生计划提供信息，以鼓励预防和基于证据的干预策略，并最终改善威尔士 SP 患者的生活质量。
