Sugarcane Research Institute, 530007, Nanning, China.
Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 530007, Nanning, China.
Planta. 2024 Oct 29;260(6):128. doi: 10.1007/s00425-024-04555-3.
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) growth is regulated by intricate gene networks and hormone secretions, positively correlating with sugarcane yield. There is a rising interest in exploring how the candidate genes found in sugarcane respond to plant growth. In this study, we simulated a typical growth environment to obtain accurate phenotypic data and screened for potential genes associated with plant growth through transcriptomics. Compared to Saccharum GuiTang 42, the other variety Saccharum GuiTang 44 exhibited earlier germination, a higher emergence rate, thicker pseudostems, taller plants, and a more extensive root system. The middle buds formed the greatest number of roots, followed by the lower and upper buds. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid effectively promoted bud development, while abscisic acid and trans-zeatin exhibited negative correlations with sugarcane bud growth. Transcriptome data from the upper, middle, and lower buds revealed 24,158 differentially expressed genes in all three comparisons, with MAPK signaling emerging as a critical pathway. The photosynthesis-antenna protein pathway is vital for middle and lower bud development during root germination. Lastly, key gene modules related to differences in hormone content between the two varieties were defined through weighted correlation network analysis and identified. The module significantly associated with IAA was enriched in pathways such as Proteasome and Protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the upregulation of key genes involved in this gene module had a highly significant positive correlation with bud outgrowth combined with IAA secretion. In conclusion, we have elucidated the pathways of hormones during sugarcane growth and the interactions between IAA and critical genes. These in-depth findings may guide modern sugarcane breeding.
甘蔗（Saccharum spp.）的生长受复杂的基因网络和激素分泌调控，与甘蔗产量呈正相关。人们越来越关注探索甘蔗中发现的候选基因如何响应植物生长。在这项研究中，我们模拟了典型的生长环境，以获得准确的表型数据，并通过转录组学筛选与植物生长相关的潜在基因。与甘蔗桂糖 42 相比，另一个品种甘蔗桂糖 44 表现出更早的发芽、更高的出苗率、更粗的假茎、更高的植株和更广泛的根系。中部芽形成的根最多，其次是下部和上部芽。吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）和茉莉酸有效促进芽发育，而脱落酸和玉米素则与甘蔗芽生长呈负相关。上部、中部和下部芽的转录组数据显示，所有三个比较中共有 24158 个差异表达基因，其中 MAPK 信号通路是关键途径。光合作用天线蛋白途径对根发芽过程中中部和下部芽的发育至关重要。最后，通过加权相关网络分析和鉴定，定义了与两种品种激素含量差异相关的关键基因模块。与 IAA 显著相关的模块在蛋白酶体和内质网中蛋白质加工等途径中富集，该基因模块中关键基因的上调与芽的生长和 IAA 的分泌具有高度显著的正相关。总之，我们阐明了甘蔗生长过程中激素的途径以及 IAA 和关键基因之间的相互作用。这些深入的发现可能指导现代甘蔗的培育。
