Jeantet Aurélie, Audebert Fabienne, Agostini Simon, Decencière Beatriz, Lorang Camille, Jamet Laura, Giner Clarisse, Flandi Emma, Nardou Nora, Lemaire Baptiste, Federici Pierre, Rozen-Rechels David, Gasparini Julien
Sorbonne Université, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, UMR 7618, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Paris, France.
Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques, Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, IRD, UCA, UMR 8067, Paris, France.
J Anim Ecol. 2024 Dec;93(12):1996-2009. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.14211. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
Living organisms are exposed to multiple environmental factors that can affect their fitness. The negative effects of these simultaneous stressors can be additive or can interact in negative synergistic or antagonistic ways to affect the health of exposed individuals. Parasites can accumulate pollutants in their own tissues and have been shown to increase the tolerance of their hosts to different pollutants (antagonistic interaction between parasites and pollutants). Through an experimental approach, we tested the existence of combined antagonistic effects between intestinal parasites and lead exposure on urban feral pigeons (Columba livia) which are known to be exposed to trace metal pollution and harbour a wide variety of internal and external parasites. We experimentally exposed wild feral pigeons in captivity to two treatments: an anthelmintic treatment to eliminate intestinal nematode parasites; an exposure to lead for a period of 6 months. We tested the effects of these crossed treatments on several components of fitness: immunocompetence, reproduction, and body mass. Our findings suggest that the overall effects of lead exposure, either alone or in combination with the presence of intestinal parasites (without anthelmintic treatment) were negative, through either additive or synergistic means. Our results reveal the existence of negative combined effects between pollutant exposure and intestinal parasites, highlighting the importance of accounting for multiple stress factors when studying the effects of exposure to pollutants and/or other environmental stressors on the fitness of organisms.
生物体会接触到多种可能影响其健康状况的环境因素。这些同时存在的应激源的负面影响可能是累加的，也可能以负面协同或拮抗的方式相互作用，从而影响受影响个体的健康。寄生虫能够在自身组织中积累污染物，并且已被证明能提高其宿主对不同污染物的耐受性（寄生虫与污染物之间的拮抗相互作用）。通过实验方法，我们测试了肠道寄生虫与铅暴露对城市野生家鸽（Columba livia）的联合拮抗作用是否存在，已知这些家鸽会接触微量金属污染并携带多种体内和体外寄生虫。我们通过实验将圈养的野生家鸽分为两种处理组：一种是使用驱虫药来消除肠道线虫寄生虫的处理组；另一种是为期6个月的铅暴露处理组。我们测试了这些交叉处理对健康状况的几个组成部分的影响：免疫能力、繁殖能力和体重。我们的研究结果表明，单独的铅暴露或与肠道寄生虫共同存在时（未进行驱虫处理）的总体影响都是负面的，其方式为累加或协同。我们的结果揭示了污染物暴露与肠道寄生虫之间存在负面联合效应，突出了在研究污染物暴露和/或其他环境应激源对生物体健康状况的影响时考虑多种应激因素的重要性。
